Key Technical points of Cotton Boll period Management
The period from cotton flowering to boll maturity is called flowering and boll stage. In general, from the first ten days of July to the beginning of September, the growth of cotton in flower and boll stage is still vegetative growth and reproductive growth at the same time, but gradually shifted from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. The main direction of this period is to add three peaches. Its management technology mainly includes five aspects.
The main results are as follows: 1. re-apply flower and boll fertilizer and cover fertilizer. The fertilization time is applied when two bolls are sitting in the lower part of the cotton plant at full flowering stage, and the standard nitrogen is 10kg / mu. If the soil fertility is poor, the cotton plant growth is weak, and the soil moisture is poor, the flower and boll fertilizer should be applied early, re-applied and water applied. To achieve the "use of flowers and bell". In order to prevent premature senescence, compete for autumn peach, increase boll weight and have the trend of de-fertilizing and premature senescence, about 5 kg of nitrogen was applied per mu from late July to early August. Spraying fertilizer outside the root can be adopted because of the weakening of root absorption capacity of cotton in the later stage. 2-triphosphate potassium dihydrogen phosphate or urea aqueous solution.
2. Timely drainage and irrigation. During this period, Huaibei area is often in summer drought, so it should be watered according to weather conditions, soil moisture and cotton plant growth status. Due to the continuous rain, lack of light and stagnant water in some fields in our province, we should clear the ditch and drain in time to reduce the humidity in the field and reduce the harm of cotton bolls.
3. Timely fine pruning. The general field topped in late July to control the top dominance, avoid ineffective branches, concentrate nutrients to supply the needs of bud and boll growth, improve ventilation and light transmission conditions in the field, reduce bud and boll shedding, increase boll weight, and promote early maturity. Topping should remove one leaf and one top. For cotton fields with more vigorous growth in the later stage, when there are more late buds and invalid buds in the upper fruit branches, artificial edge picking can be used to remove late buds, beat flowers and leaves in time, cut empty branches and wipe superfluous buds.
4. Reasonable implementation of chemical control. Plant growth regulators such as thalidomide were sprayed at the flower and boll stage to regulate the transport and distribution of nutrients in cotton plants, enhance photosynthetic capacity, simplify late pruning and prevent greedy green and late ripening.
5. Strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. Cotton flower and boll stage is the period of occurrence of many kinds of diseases and insect pests, such as aphid, cotton bollworm, bridge worm, red leaf stem blight and so on.
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Prevention and control of cotton blind Toona sinensis
The occurrence of blind stink bug is very sensitive to the ecological environment. The blind Toona sinensis likes the temperature of 25 ℃ ~ 30 ℃ and the relative humidity of 80% to 90%. The recent wet weather is very beneficial to the occurrence of the blind Toona sinensis. The planting of flower arrangement in cotton field is also beneficial to the parasitism and transfer of Toona sinensis. Now, soybeans, broad beans and other vegetables are interspersed in cotton fields, which is beneficial to their reproduction. Therefore, some cotton farmers in Hanchuan, Yunmeng and other counties and cities in Hubei Province have recently revealed the occurrence and harm of blind stink bugs.
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How to produce good seedlings of improved Cotton varieties
Now, nutrition bowl is used to raise seedlings in most cotton areas of our country. Generally evaluate whether the emergence of cotton seed is good or poor, one should see the seedling rate, and the other should be regarded as the seedling rate. The reason for the low emergence rate is that in some cotton species, the proportion of autumn peach or late autumn peach is too large, which reduces the germination rate. However, the germination rate of peach or mid-flower selected as seeds is more than 80%; second, in the process of cotton seed processing, the broken seeds exceed the standard; third, before or after sowing, the soil and soil are not disinfected with medicament. or the selected disinfectant is not the right way; fourth, cotton seed this year.
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