Cultivation and Management techniques of Cotton hose drip Irrigation

With the increase of crop area, shortage of water resources and increase of cotton cost in Jimsar County, the comparative benefit of cotton decreased year by year. Therefore, we introduce and popularize the technology of drip irrigation under plastic film under normal pressure (hose).

I. Main indicators

1. yield

667 square meters of lint yield 100-130 kg. Yield components: 667 square meters harvest plant number 1.3-1.5 thousand, boll number 5-6 per plant, boll weight 5 grams, lint 33%-35%.

2. fertilizer and water

130-140 kg of standard fertilizer is applied to 667 square meters, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1: 0.4-0.45: 0.1. The total water consumption of 667 square meters is 320-360 cubic meters.

3. configured

145cm wide film, 12 rows of 3 films, row spacing 27+50+ 27cm, row spacing 60cm, plant spacing 9.5cm, theoretical plant number 16132 plants of 667 square meters, one film laying tube, one tube drip irrigation 4 rows of cotton. This configuration is suitable for clayey and medium loam plots.

II. Preparation before sowing

1. land preparation should be

① Autumn and winter irrigation in late September for crop irrigation, irrigation 70-80 cubic meters per 667 square meters, irrigation through. The plots without crop irrigation were irrigated in winter after autumn ploughing, and 80-100 cubic meters of irrigation was applied to 667 square meters.

(2) autumn ploughing: artificially recycling waste pipes and residual films in cotton fields before mechanical threshing and stubble cleaning, then autumn ploughing, and combining autumn ploughing, applying all phosphorus fertilizer, 30%-50% nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer deeply in the whole layer.

(3) Soil preparation and chemical removal: 667 square meters before soil preparation, apply 150 ml of field supplement or 120-150 ml of trifluralin, spray 50 kg of water evenly on the surface, so as to achieve no weight and no leakage, and then soil preparation according to soil quality and moisture content. The quality of soil preparation shall meet the six-word standard of "Qi, Ping, Song, Broken, Net and Moisture".

2. Farm machinery preparation

Check and adjust the seeding machine before sowing, install the device for laying hose, and require the horizontal shaft guide wheel to rotate flexibly, without grinding edge, and lay loose belt.

3. Seed preparation

① Variety selection: cotton varieties with growth period of about 120 days, compact plant type, moderate small leaves, short petiole, strong boll setting and concentration, suitable for dense planting, single boll weight of 5-6 grams and good fiber quality.

2 seed treatment with 0.8%-1% of the seed weight of 3911 (60%) treatment of seeds, seed coating dosage of 2% of the seed weight (drug seed ratio 1:50), water content of 1%-1.5% of the seed weight, uniform coating requirements, consistent color, good film formation. The seed coating agent should be selected according to local conditions, Weifu should be selected in the area with serious seed rot, and Duofu should be selected in the area with serious dead seedlings.

III. Sowing techniques

The soil temperature of 10 cm in the open field is stable for 3 consecutive days at 10 ℃. In normal years, the trial sowing will be carried out on April 15, and the sowing will be completed on April 25, and the latest will not exceed April 30. Using film seeding, 2 - 3 seeds per hole, the hole rate is required to be less than 2%, the seeding depth is 2.5-3 cm, the seed row is evenly covered with soil, and the thickness is not more than 1 cm. The flexible tube is laid on the film edge at the same time as sowing. Sowing quality requirements to achieve the end of sowing straight, accurate line, hose tightness appropriate, flat film surface, lighting surface to achieve the goal of four lines and five.

IV. Intermediate cultivation and seedling identification

Before seedling mechanical force intertillage once, in order to improve the ground temperature, speed up the emergence of cotton seedlings. In case of rain, cotton field sowing on film should break hardening in time to ensure sufficient number of seedlings. After the seedlings are fixed, they are cultivated once again, so that they do not have large soil blocks, do not pull trenches, and do not bury seedlings, and achieve the requirements of "flat, loose and broken". Current start seedling, 2 true leaves seedling end, go weak stay strong, a hole a seedling.

5. Dripping Fertilization

Branch pipes and central main pipes shall be laid 3-5 days before the first drop of water, with a distance of 50 meters between branch pipes, and branch pipes and central main pipes shall be laid at higher elevations. Dripping water 5-6 times during the growth period, dripping water for the first time in early June, about 50 cubic meters per 667 square meters, dripping water every 10-13 days thereafter, dripping water for the second, third and fourth times is the peak period of water demand for cotton life, 60-70 cubic meters per 667 square meters. The water supply will be stopped on August 20 to ensure that the soil will be moist in early September. The whole growth period 667 square meters of water 320-360 cubic meters. Combined with dripping water, the remaining 50%-70% of potassium fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer are applied in three times with dripping water at the initial flowering stage and the flowering boll stage, and the amount of fertilizer dropped each time depends on the seedling situation.

VI. Chemical regulation

Chemical regulation is carried out 3-4 times in the whole growth period, and the chemical regulation period is determined according to the leaf age index, and the dosage is determined according to different varieties, seedling conditions, soil fertility conditions and climatic conditions. Generally, Xinluzao No. 7 and No. 8 can be adjusted without chemical adjustment at seedling stage, but for some vigorous strip fields of 667 square meters, it can be adjusted lightly with 0.5-0.7 g of DPC once. At bud stage, 667 square meters were sprayed with 1-2 g of mepiquat chloride, 100 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 100 g of urea respectively, and 30 kg of water. Before dropping the first water, carry out the second chemical adjustment, 667 square meters with 3-4 grams of metanide, add 150 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea, spray 30 kilograms of water on leaves. At the beginning of florescence, the third chemical adjustment is carried out, 667 square meters are treated with 5- 6g of mepiquat amine; after topping, the fourth chemical adjustment is carried out, 667 square meters are treated with 6- 10g of mepiquat amine, and at the same time, the two chemical adjustments are combined, and urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added to 667 square meters, and 30kg of water is sprayed on leaves.

VII. Topping and pruning

The topping time is determined according to the variety and planting density. Generally, the topping starts at the end of June and ends before July 10. 667 square meters of cotton fields with less than 13,000 plants, 65-70 cm in plant height after topping, 7 - 8 fruit branches;667 square meters of fields with more than 13,000 plants, 60 - 65 cm in plant height after topping, 6-7 fruit branches. Pruning the vigorous cotton field, removing the fried dough sticks, reducing nutrient consumption, achieving the purpose of increasing boll weight and promoting early maturity.

VIII. Plant protection work

The prevention and comprehensive control of cotton field diseases and insect pests shall be adhered to; on the basis of ecological plant protection, natural enemies shall be protected and utilized well, so as to realize green plant protection by controlling pests with benefits.