Licorice rust and its control
① pathogen Glycyrrhiza uralensis rust pathogen (Uromycesglycyrrhizae) belongs to the genus → of the subphylum basidiomycetes, →, → rust, → Puccinidae.
Incidence regularity of ②
a. In the summer spore stage, at the seedling stage of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, a light brown summer spore pile appears at the tip of the leaf that has not yet spread. With the spreading and growing of the young leaves, the spore pile appeared densely along the leaf back from the leaf tip, and finally the whole leaf back was covered by the spore pile, showing a yellow color, generally, all the leaves of the whole plant were diseased, and the diseased plant was obviously dwarfed.
b. In the winter spore stage, the winter spore pile is dark brown, the color is darker than the summer spore pile, the spore pile is disconnected, sporadically and sparsely distributed on the back of the leaves, but the incidence of diseased plants and diseased leaves are high, which does not seem to have much effect on plant growth.
The initial, peak and last stages of the occurrence of the diseased plants of Glycyrrhiza uralensis were early, middle and late July, and the peak of the occurrence of winter spores was about 70 days from the peak of the disease.
③ damage status of plants infected with Xia sporidium, the mortality rate of infected plants was very high, up to more than 98%, and caused the death of roots and rhizomes, affecting the harvest yield. The occurrence of winter spore disease is more common, but the plant will not die from the disease, which is completely different from the harm of summer spore disease.
④ control strengthened field investigation and found that summer spore disease plants should be pulled out in time to prevent transmission; irrigation in winter and spring and timely harvesting of aboveground stems and leaves in autumn could reduce the occurrence of the disease; Fenqining and Nongkang 120 treatments had a very significant control effect on licorice summer spore rust plants, and the relative control effect was more than 71.2%.
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Seed selection and seed treatment of licorice
Ural Glycyrrhiza uralensis with high content of glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhetinic acid was selected. Seed treatment licorice seed coat is hard, impervious, impervious, not easy to germinate, untreated seed germination rate is only 30%-40%, while after skin-breaking treatment, the germination rate can reach more than 90%, so the seeds must be pretreated before sowing. The method adopted is as follows: soak the seeds in 60 ℃ water, cover them with wet cloth for 4 ~ 6 hours to absorb water and expand, dry and then sow.
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Licorice rust
Latin scientific name: Uromycesglcyrrhizaemagn. Damage to crops: licorice damage symptoms: mainly damage to leaves. After the seedlings were unearthed in spring, there were round, gray-white blister spots on the back of the leaves, and the posterior surface broke into a yellowish-brown powder pile, which were germ summer spores and summer spores. In the later stage of the disease, the leaves of the whole plant were all covered with summer spores, resulting in the death of the aboveground part of the plant, the proliferation of phloem tissue at the junction of the stem base and the root or stem, the germination of latent buds, and the dwarfing of the plant. After the summer spores were re-infected, the leaves scattered on both sides.
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