Drying technology of Lentinus edodes

1. Harvest standard. When the fruiting body of Lentinus edodes to be dried is mature and the edge of the lid is still rolled inward in the shape of a gong, it is the right time to harvest. It is best to harvest Lentinus edodes on a sunny day. Before rain, if the mushroom is close to the harvest time, it should be harvested before the rain.

two。 Harvesting method. The principle is not to damage the original matrix and to maintain the integrity, beauty and good quality of the mushroom body. When picking, hold the mushroom handle tightly with your thumb and index finger, rotate left and right to detach the handle from the matrix, and do not pull it up hard to avoid lifting the whole matrix. After the fresh mushrooms are harvested, put them in small baskets or baskets, lined with plastic or gauze. Handle gently, do not squeeze the mushroom body: when harvesting, you should also pay attention to the hand can only touch the mushroom handle, do not scratch the bacterial fold and the edge of the umbrella and umbrella. The fruit bodies after harvest should be graded in time, placed in baskets or baskets covered with gauze one by one, and processed in time.

3. Drying method. ① method: put the finished fresh mushrooms on the bamboo mat or bamboo sieve face up and dry in the sun for 3 to 5 days. Or thread through the stalks of Lentinus edodes, string them one by one, and hang them in the sun to dry. But the sun-dried Lentinus edodes cover is easy to reverse warp, no luster, no fragrance, and limited by the weather, this method is rarely used. ② cage baking method. It is suitable for professional households with small business scale. The baking cage is woven with bamboo strips, which is about 90cm high and about 60cm in caliber. There is a bracket in the middle, which is placed at the exit 30cm. Double-layer bamboo strips are woven on the outside of the baking cage, and the old newspapers are sandwiched in the middle to keep warm. The charcoal fire is filled with a stove below, and when baking, it is best to add a layer of ash to the charcoal fire to make the charcoal fire smokeless and flameless. The temperature is controlled at about 40 ℃ and baked over a gentle fire. Before baking, bask in the sun for a few hours, and then bake in the baking cage, which can save fuel and shorten the baking time. ③ drying method. The baking of Lentinus edodes can be carried out in the drying room or dryer. When baking in the baking room, the fire source must be separated from Lentinus edodes. Before Lentinus edodes is sent into the drying room, it should be spread out on the drying screen according to the size of the mushroom and the degree of dryness and wetness. When spreading Lentinus edodes, it is necessary to make the cover upward, spread evenly, and do not overlap each other. When baking on the shelf, put the small mushrooms on the lower layer, the big mushrooms on the upper layer, the ones with low water content on the lower layer, and those with high water content on the upper layer. The baking temperature, which usually starts at 30 ℃, rises by 1 / 2 ℃ per hour. When it rises to 60 ℃, it drops to 55 ℃. When baking, the evaporated water vapor should be removed in time. When it is 40% to 50% dry, it should be turned over one by one. After the volume of Lentinus edodes is reduced, the upper layer of mushrooms should be incorporated into the lower sieve, and then the fresh mushrooms should be baked in the upper empty sieve. The drying time of Lentinus edodes is 4-5 hours for small mushrooms, 5-10 hours for medium-sized mushrooms and 10-12 hours for large mushrooms. ④ baking combination. Place the fresh shiitake mushrooms on a bamboo sieve without overlap, put them in the sun until half-dry, then bake them gently until fully dry. When baking, first bake at 35: 45 ℃ for 5 hours, then bake at 50 ℃ for 3 hours, and finally bake at 60 ℃ for 4 hours. Turn it frequently during the baking. When it is 80% dry, take it out and let it dry for 1-2 days, then go into the baking room and continue baking at about 45 ℃ until the mushroom is dry.