Seedling raising technique of Gleditsia sinensis

Gleditsia, also known as "Gleditsia", Leguminosae, deciduous trees, up to 30 meters high. Its solid wood is used for furniture, vehicles, farm tools, etc.; pods are rich in pancreatic saponins, which can be used to wash silk and valuable furniture without damaging the luster; pods, thorns, seeds and abnormal pods are used in traditional Chinese medicine. Pod temperature, taste pungent, small poison, function expectorant, Kaiqiao, mainly treat phlegm cough and asthma, apoplexy shiver, epileptic dysentery and other diseases; the thorn of Gleditsia is called "Gleditsia horn thorn", functional support toxin discharge pus, the main treatment of carbuncle sore poison, used for pus has become but not yet worn ulceration disease; the seed in Gleditsia pod is called "Gleditsia", which functions as moistening bowels and treating intestinal dryness and constipation; deformed pods are called "pig teeth Gleditsia", with the same function as Gleditsia. It can be seen that Gleditsia is covered with treasures, which is a kind of tree species with high economic value, which can be planted in places and farmers where there are conditions. However, in Gleditsia seedlings, it is difficult to germinate without treatment because of the hard seed coat of the seeds. In this paper, several technical links of raising seedlings in Zaojiao are introduced.

First, the seed treatment selects 2 ~ 3 years sturdy, full mature Gleditsia, beat out the seed, remove impurities. Generally, the seeds are treated with sulfuric acid (soaked in solution) to remove alkali and soften the seed coat. Due to the different concentration of sulfuric acid, the soaking time is also different. 98% sulfuric acid should be soaked for 2.5 hours; 65% sulfuric acid should be soaked for 3.5 hours; and 30% sulfuric acid should be soaked for 16 to 17 hours. The amount of sulfuric acid solution should be over the seed. In the process of seed treatment, stir with a small glass stick every 15 minutes. If about 30% of the seeds are found to have small cracks in the seed coat, they should stop soaking immediately, pour out sulfuric acid solution and rinse the seeds quickly with clean water. until the PH value of the residual water on the seed surface is 7. Then, soak the seeds in glassware with warm water of 5 to 6 times of seed volume and 40 ℃ (which can be placed in a thermostat of 35 to 40 ℃) for 2 or 3 days, and change the same volume of warm water twice a day to make the seeds fully absorb and expand. It is worth noting that in the process of seed treatment, do not touch the seed directly with your hand.

Second, sand bed is generally used to accelerate germination before sowing Gleditsia seeds. The method is to select large germination utensils and use sand particles of uniform size (0.05 to 0.8 mm in diameter), washed and sterilized at high temperature (65% water content) as sand bed material. The thickness of the sand bed is 2 cm and the surface is flat, but do not press the sand bed. After the sand bed is done, put the Gleditsia seeds neatly on the bed surface with tweezers, spread a layer of loose sand 2cm thick evenly on top, close the lid of the box, and put it into a 5 ℃ light bud box to accelerate germination. After 3-4 days, the seeds can be sown when the radicle is exposed to 1-2 cm.

Third, if the whole bed is sown in a solar greenhouse, the seeds shall generally be sown about 60 days before planting. Complete the seedling bed 4-5 days before sowing, choose neutral loam as the bed soil, and disinfect the soil with 50% carbendazim per square meter after pouring bottom water. Then sow seeds in a trench (5 cm to 6 cm deep) and put the radicles of the seeds down in the ditch with a row spacing of 20 cm and a plant spacing of 10 cm. Then fill it with soil, press it from both sides, cover it with fine soil 2 cm thick, and cover the border with plastic film. When 60% of the seeds are found to be broken, the plastic film should be removed in the morning.

4. Before seedling bed management, the temperature should be kept at 25: 30 ℃ in daytime and not less than 15: 18 ℃ at night. After emergence, pay attention to keeping out the wind during the day and strengthen the heat preservation at night. When the height of the seedling is 10-15 cm and the external temperature reaches 15-20 ℃, it can be planted. Five to seven days before planting, the seedlings should be ventilated and kept at 18: 20 ℃ during the day and 15 ℃ at night. Two days before planting, water should be watered once to keep the soil lump so as to facilitate the emergence of seedlings. After planting, we should pay attention to heat preservation and cold protection.