Introduction of three pear varieties in Jishou City

Introduce three pear varieties-Huangjin pear, Junyuexue pear and Jinqiu pear. 1. Phenological phase The germination period of all varieties is basically the same. The flowering period of Jinzhuguo winter pear was the earliest, on March 26, followed by June snow, Huangjin pear and Jinqiu pear, which were 2 days apart. The fruit ripening period of Liuyuexue was the earliest, July 20, about 35 days earlier than that of Jinqiu pear (August 26), showing early ripening; Jinzhuguo winter pear (November 10) was the latest, about 75 days later than that of control, showing extra late ripening; Huangjin pear (August 15) was about 10 days earlier than that of control, showing medium ripening. The defoliation period of June Snow was the earliest (November 613), and the other varieties were similar. 2. Fruit characters and fruiting characteristicsThe average fruit weight of Huangjin pear is 2539. The fruit is slightly oblate, yellow-green, smooth on the surface, milky white in flesh, tender in flesh, rich in juice, pure sweet and fragrant in taste, small in stone, soluble solids content is 13.9%, and the quality is superior. The average fruit weight of Liuyuexue is 2259. The fruit is round, yellow-green, smooth, milky white flesh, tender flesh, rich juice, sweet taste, small stone, soluble solids content 12.7%, high quality. Jinzhuguo winter pear average fruit weight 1409, fruit length oval, yellow brown, smooth fruit surface, thin flesh, sweet and sour taste, fruit juice more, large stone, soluble solids content 13.3%, medium quality. The number of flowers per inflorescence was 8. 9, 5 - 8 other varieties. The fruit set rate of Jinzhuguo Dongli was the lowest (4.2%), and the other two varieties had little difference (about 25%) compared with the control. The percentage of short fruit branches of Huangjin pear, Liuyuexue pear and CK was 81%, and that of Jinzhuguo winter pear was 52.9%. 3. The 3 varieties introduced with high yield began to bear fruit in the second year after planting, and Huangjinli and Liuyuexue entered their full fruiting stage in the fifth year. The yield per plant of Huangjin pear was the highest, with a total yield of 37.5 kg per plant in 5 years and an average annual yield of 7.5 kg per plant, which was basically equal to that of the control; the yield of Liuyuexue pear was the second, with a total yield of 29.9 kg per plant in 5 years and an average annual yield of 6.0 kg per plant, which was 17.8% lower than that of the control; the yield of Jinzhuguo winter pear was lower, with a total yield of 10.8 kg per plant in 5 years and an average annual yield of 2.2 kg per plant, which was 69.9% lower than that of the control. 4. The growth performance of golden pear tree is opening, the tree vigor is medium, and the crown is small. 5-year-old trees are 195 cm tall, 249 cm in crown diameter and 11.5 era in average shoot length. 6-year-old trees are upright with sparse branches in crown and hard and upright branches. 5-year-old trees are 285cm tall, 291 cm in crown diameter and 12.2 cm in average shoot length. Jinzhuguo winter pear has a large crown, half-open tree posture and strong tree vigor. The 5-year-old tree is 320 cm high, 290cm crown diameter, and the average branch length is 51.8 cm. Huangjin pear showed dwarfing, early bearing and high yield, high soluble solids content, and its comprehensive performance was slightly better than that of Jinqiu pear; Liuyuexue showed fruit maturity very early, high market price, good high yield performance and fruiting ability, and its comprehensive performance was basically equivalent to Huangjin pear; Jinzhuguo winter pear had strong tree vigor, flower bud formation easily, fruit maturity very late, but low fruit setting rate, small fruit type, low yield and general comprehensive performance. In the process of development, considering the reasonable allocation of labor force and market conditions at harvest time, we can vigorously develop early-maturing varieties Liuyuexue and middle-maturing varieties Huangjinli. In the cultivation of golden pear, attention should be paid to strengthen flower and fruit thinning and fertilizer and water management to prevent premature aging of trees.