Introduction performance and Management points of Zaohuang flat Peach

Zaohuangpan peach was bred by Zhengzhou Fruit Tree Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences with 8Mu21 as female parent and French flat peach as male parent, named in 1997. It was introduced to Toutun River Farm at the end of last century. Through the observation of trial planting in the past ten years, this variety is more suitable for local natural conditions and can be developed and popularized in the suburbs of cities and towns along the north slope of Tianshan Mountain. 1) the general situation of the introduction site. Toutun River Farm is located in the western suburbs of Urumqi and belongs to the 12th Agricultural Division of bingtuan. The soil is half sandy and half sticky, and the pH value of the soil is moderately acidic. It belongs to the mid-temperate semi-arid climate zone with four distinct seasons and a large temperature difference between day and night. The winter is long, the annual precipitation is less, but the irrigation water is abundant. 2) commodity characters of varieties. The early yellow flat peach fruit is flat, the top of the fruit is slightly concave, the suture is deep, and the two halves are symmetrical. The average weight of single fruit is 180g, the maximum is 350g. Near the stem is apricot yellow, most of the fruit surface is rose red, the appearance is very beautiful. The pulp is orange, soft, juicy, medium fiber, sweet flavor, slightly sour aftertaste, rich peach flavor and pleasant fragrance. Soluble solids 13%. 15%. The stone is small, semi-detached, and the edible rate is high. 3) Biological characteristics. ① phenological phase. Cultivated in Wu and Chang areas. The flower buds dilated in the first ten days of April, bloomed at the beginning of April 10, bloomed from April 15 to 17, fell flowers and set fruit around April 20. The fruit expanded and colored around June 28, the fruit growth period was 80-85 days, and the leaves began to fall at the end of October and entered the dormant period. ② growth and fruiting habits. The young trees grow vigorously and the crown is more open. The leaf gland is kidney-shaped, the leaf color is light green and slightly yellowish, and the branches are slender and slender. The flowers are rose-shaped and pollinated naturally. The fruiting branches are mainly flower-like fruit branches, medium and long branches, and the fruiting branches should be long when they are cut short. The fruit setting rate is high, so flowers and fruits should be thinned at the right time. 4) key points of management. In order to prevent fruit cracking, pre-anthesis water and inflated water are very important for ①. Calcium and boron micro-fertilizers can also be used to control in advance during flowering and fruit setting. When pruning ② young trees, it is necessary to timely remove the upper competitive branches of the main branches and the upper dorsal branches of the middle and lower parts, and control the growing branches of the inner rifles. 2. 3-year-old young trees pull branches in autumn under water control, which is 45% of the ground. The angle. In autumn, ③ can control water timely according to weather conditions and improve the Lignification of branches, which is beneficial to flower bud maturation and safe overwintering. Winter irrigation is especially important and must be filled thoroughly. The main diseases and insect pests of ④ are powdery mildew, iron deficiency, peach heart borer, red spiders and aphids, which should be prevented and controlled in time. In order to prevent rats from eating and destroying, rat poison was sprinkled around the tree crown and at the mouth of the rat hole before overwintering.