Chashan morning honey (hairy peach)

1 through selection.

In July 1994, 169 naturally pollinated seeds of pure Yuhua dew peach were obtained. After stratification treatment, 126 progeny seedlings were obtained in 1995, numbered 001--126. They were planted in Chashan practice base of Linyi Normal University in 1996. 1998--1999 The 5 lines with better performance will be transplanted to the high-tech experimental garden and production garden of Chashan base in 2000. After 3 years of character observation, 026 showed early fruit, big fruit and good flavor. In 2002, it was identified by expert group and named Chashan Zaomi.

2 Botanical characters

The tree body grows vigorously, the tree posture is relatively open, the new shoot growth amount reaches 86.2 cm. Perennial branches pale white, annual branches light brown. Leaf blade lanceolate, bright, dark green. The middle leaves of branches are 14.2cm long and 3.89cm wide, wider than those of other varieties, and the leaf edges are less serrated. Autumn leaves are red. The flower buds are plump and plump, mainly compound flower buds. Flowers rose, corolla diameter 3.0 cm, pink, pistil slightly lower than stamens, pollen, high self-flowering seed set rate.

3 Biological characteristics

3.1 The phenological period is in Chashan area of Shandong Province, flower bud germination begins in late March, full bloom is in mid April, fruit maturity is in early and mid June, fruit development period is 60 days. Compared with other early-ripening peach in the same area, such as Chunbu (Hu 005), the ripening period was about 5 days later. Leaves fall in early November.

3.2 Fruit characteristics Fruit nearly round, neat, fruit apex raised, suture line obvious, symmetrical on both sides. The fruit is large, with an average fruit weight of 160g. The rind has a milky white background, pink and reddish. The flesh is milky white, the maturity is consistent, the juice is medium, the hard solute, has the fragrance, the sweet and sour palatability, the flavor is thick, the taste is good. Soluble solids 11.2%, soluble sugar 8.1%, titratable acid 0.36%. Sticky nucleus, nucleus small, indehiscent, most seeds immature. The fruit is more resistant to storage and transportation.

3.3 Fruit habits tree body robust, drought resistance, barren resistance, adaptability. Easy to flower, multiple flower buds, long, medium and short fruit branches can bear fruit. The percentage of fruiting branches of young trees was 36.5%, 36.9% and 26.5% respectively. The yield of 3-year-old tree is 20.2 kg, 4-year-old tree is 30.3 kg, and the yield of 667 square meters in full fruit stage is about 1600kg.

4 Key points of cultivation techniques

Chashan early honey drought resistance, cold resistance, barren resistance, wide adaptation area. Due to the early maturity of the fruit, it is suitable for development in the suburbs. The row spacing of cultivated plants in hilly areas is 2 m x 3 m, and in plain areas 4 m x 4 m. The optimal tree shape is naturally happy. Although Chashan Zaomi has fertile pollen and high self-flowering seed setting rate, pollinating trees should be allocated to improve yield and quality. In the year of planting, pay attention to picking in summer to promote branching, speed up crown expansion and form early. Young trees winter pruning should be long shoot pruning method, more thinning, less short. After entering the fruiting period, double branch renewal is adopted, and reserve branches are reserved to prevent the fruiting position from moving outward. In summer, attention should be paid to thinning over-dense branches, flourishing branches on the back and diseased branches, and twisting the branches appropriately to improve ventilation and light transmission conditions. Appropriate application of plant growth regulators, spraying or root application of paclobutrazol (PP333) at the early stage of branch growth, can effectively control the vigorous growth of branches and facilitate flower bud formation. The effect of paclobutrazol lasted for 3 years.

The pests and diseases during the growth period are peach aphid, red spider, peach leaf miner, anthracnose and bacterial perforation. Control method: spray 3- 5 Baume sulfur mixture before germination to control red spider and powdery mildew. Spraying aphid or imidacloprid once before and after florescence, spraying fenapyr after leaf development, and spraying carbendazim and other fungicides to control diseases and insect pests. After that, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of peach fruit borer and leaf miner, spraying peach xiaoling, mefenuron No.3 or tolbutamide respectively. After falling leaves, we should thoroughly remove dead branches, diseased branches and fallen leaves, and bury them deeply or burn them.