Cultivation of Pepper

The climate soil is fond of high temperature, humid and calm wind environment, the annual average temperature can grow normally and blossom and bear fruit at 19.5-26 ℃, grow fastest at 24-28 ℃, stop growing at 15 ℃, and suffer severe chilling injury at about 2 ℃. It is appropriate for the annual rainfall to be evenly distributed from 1500mm to 2000mm. Too much or too concentrated rainfall will cause the epidemic of plague and the occurrence of water disasters. It is better to choose sandy loam soil with good structure, easy drainage, deep soil layer, more fertile, slightly acidic or neutral sandy loam.

The land preparation selects sheltered and flat places for full reclamation and deep ploughing, and the seedling land is raised into a flat border, while the field is dug a hole of 40cm to 60cm deep according to the plant distance of 2 meters, apply sufficient rotten basic fertilizer, and then cover the soil 3cm to 4cm thick, waiting for planting.

Planting (1) Propagation method: cuttings propagation and seed propagation. Cuttings are often used in production, and strong main vines are selected as seedlings on excellent 1-3-year-old mother plants, which are cut on the seedbed according to the conventional method, and can be planted in the nursery after rooting for 20 days. (2) planting: in spring and autumn. When planting, stone pillars are erected at the same time as climbing objects.

Field management (1) pruning and plastic surgery, generally using the plastic method of keeping 6 vines and cutting vines 4 times for 5 times. (2) binding vines, picking flowers and leaves to promote the healthy growth of plants. (3) fertilization, applying late-acting organic fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer in spring to pre-fruiting plants, frequently applying water fertilizer and increasing potassium fertilizer in winter in the normal growth period. For fruiting plants, auxiliary flower fertilizer was applied at budding stage, fruit fertilizer was applied at the initial stage of fruit growth, fruit fertilizer was applied at fruit development stage, and flower fertilizer was applied after fruit picking. (4) rational drainage and irrigation, loosening soil, cultivating soil and weeding.

The prevention and control of diseases and insect pests should pay special attention to pepper blast, bacterial leaf spot, mosaic, root disease and so on. Once found, copper sulfate solution, Bordeaux solution and dimethazone should be used to control them respectively. The most common pests are shellfish, aphids and nematodes, which can be controlled by spraying dimethoate, dichlorvos and malathion.