Planting techniques of Zanthoxylum bungeanum in three seasons

The main results are as follows: 1. Zanthoxylum bungeanum bungeanum is selected as the shrub, with a height of 2m, a diameter of 2.5m, a vertical depth of more than 4m and a horizontal distribution of more than 8m. It has strong adaptability and can be planted in barren hills, barren slopes, terraced ridges, front and back houses where the temperature is lower than-20 ℃ in winter. Generally in the middle and lower part of the slope, semi-sunny slope, gentle beam, terrace edge, terrace edge, the ridge of the field edge, sufficient light, good drainage, deep soil layer, and the production of pepper bright color, rich flavor, high quality.

II. Land preparation for planting

1. Soil preparation time Zanthoxylum bungeanum planting land can be prepared throughout the year, and it is best to prepare the land before the rainy season, so that it can not only store water and preserve soil moisture in the rainy season, but also promote soil ripening and improve soil fertility.

2. The method of land preparation

(1) the land preparation of the whole garden is generally on flat land, regardless of the size of the plot, it is best to adopt the method of land preparation of the whole garden, with a uniform depth of 30 to 50 centimeters, and it is best to apply soil manure (5000 to 10000 jin per mu), and then rake and level it.

(2) if the planting area of banded or burrowed soil preparation is larger, banded or burrowed soil preparation can also be used. In banded soil preparation, according to the planned planting line, dig a ribbon ditch with a width of 1 to 1.2 meters and a depth of 60 to 80 centimeters. When digging ditches, raw soil and mature soil are stacked separately, and soil dung, oil dregs, straw and weeds are applied in the ditch to fill the ditch. The method of digging a big pit can also be used, that is, after determining the planting point, dig a large pit of 80cm and 100cm square according to the planting point, then apply it into soil dung, fill the ditch, and plant in the pit when planting.

(3) Zanthoxylum bungeanum bungeanum is planted on the hillside or gully slope for horizontal terrace preparation, and horizontal terraces are generally built according to horizontal contours. The width of the terrace depends on the slope, the smaller the slope, the wider the terrace, the greater the slope, the narrower the terrace, but the width can not be less than 2 meters. After the terrace is repaired, dig the planting pit by the way, and if possible, it can be put into soil dung and wait for planting after backfilling.

3. Planting of Chinese prickly ash

1. Seedling preparation for planting Zanthoxylum bungeanum should first choose high-yield and high-quality seedlings, and require strong growth, complete root system, more whisker roots, annual seedling height of 50 cm to 80 cm, ground diameter of 0.6 cm to 0.8 cm, full buds and no damage to diseases and insects. The seedlings of Zanthoxylum bungeanum had better be planted as they are dug. Long-distance transportation requires packing with wet gunny bags or wet grass bags, dipping the roots of seedlings in mud before packaging, and constantly sprinkling water during transportation to keep the seedlings moist and not planted for the time being. choose a place where the wind is facing the sun for pseudo-planting.

2. Variety collocation due to the labor-consuming picking of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, attention should be paid to the collocation of early, middle and late varieties when planting Zanthoxylum bungeanum in a large area. A single variety, the mature period is concentrated, then the picking is uneven, which will cause fruit drop. Different varieties of Zanthoxylum bungeanum should be selected for different site conditions, Dahongpao should be selected for places with good site conditions, and Xiaohongpao should be selected for those with poor site conditions.

3. Planting density Zanthoxylum bungeanum planting density should be determined according to different site conditions. In general flat land, the plant row spacing is 3 × 4 m or 4 × 4 m; on the sloping land with poor conditions, the plant row spacing is 3 × 3 m; the plant spacing is 3 × 4 m in ridge or single row planting.

4. Planting method Zanthoxylum bungeanum can be planted in the direction of rectangle, square or triangle from north to south. When planting, after land preparation, dig a planting pit of 40cm to 50cm square, and a planting pit of 60cm to 80cm square without land preparation. Conditional application of soil dung, and then backfill to a depth of 30cm to 40cm, plant seedlings, one person to support the seedlings, one person to fill the soil, half of the filling, step on a circle with your feet, so that the root soil is closely combined, and then gently lift the seedlings up to make the roots stretch. The planting depth should be that the seedling rhizome is level with the ground. After the soil is filled, step on it again, and then cultivate a puddle around the pepper seedlings. Where there are conditions, water should be watered once after planting seedlings, and then bury a layer of soil after watering to preserve soil moisture. When planting, we should pay attention to the alignment of the plant row spacing before and after, and pay attention to setting aside the production road and drainage and irrigation system. When choosing a cluster-shaped tree in arid and cold areas, leave the pole 5 cm before or after planting and bury a mound after planting to prevent cold and preserve soil moisture.

5. According to the experiment and summary for many years, the planting period of Zanthoxylum bungeanum has been extended from two seasons to three seasons.

The main results are as follows: (1) the planting in spring is carried out after the soil is thawed in early spring, until the seedlings sprout, sooner rather than later. When planting, it is best to dig along with planting, long-distance transportation of seedlings, to do a good job of seedling packaging, seedlings shipped back immediately after planting, not planted for a while to do a good job of false planting. When the spring is dry or the soil moisture is poor, it must be watered after planting and covered with plastic film when the conditions permit.

(2) planting in rainy season is a good method to solve the problem of planting prickly ash in arid areas in recent years. Planting time is generally from August to mid-October, every three days or more cloudy and rainy weather, dig seedlings with soil, dig along with planting, there is no sunshine in two days after planting, and the survival rate can reach more than 95%. Planting in the rainy season should be arranged in advance, listen to the weather forecast in time, and seize the favorable period for planting. Planting in rainy season should pay attention to the following points: ① for more than three days of continuous rainy weather; ② digging seedlings nearby, planting nearby, digging along with planting; coring after ③ planting, should not be cut dry.

(3) planting in autumn (winter) season in autumn (winter) planting in the period from defoliation of seedlings to soil freezing, cutting poles at a certain height after planting to do a good job of preventing cold and overwintering.