Control measures of echinostomiasis in geese

Echinostomiasis in geese is a parasitic disease caused by Echinostoma convoluta parasitic in the rectum and cecum of geese. Infected geese show dysentery, anemia, emaciation, hemorrhagic enteritis and other changes, serious can cause death. Many kinds of poultry such as geese and ducks can be infected, which is very popular in our country and does great harm to the chicks.

(1) the characteristics of pathogen.

Pathogen.

The pathogen of echinostomiasis is Echinostoma, which belongs to Echinostomaceae. There are many species of Echinostoma, and nearly 120 species of undergraduate trematodes have been found in China. The common ones are Echinostoma curly, Echinostoma Miyagawa and Echinostoma formosana. Echinostoma curly is the most common.

The shape of the worm. The trematodes are leafy and reddish, with small spines on the body surface. The worm is 7.6-12.6 mm long and 1.26-1.60 mm wide. It is characterized by a well-developed head crown at the front end of the body, with 35-37 spines on the head crown, close to each other between the mouth and the ventral sucker, and the oral sucker is larger than the ventral sucker. The yolk glands are well developed and are distributed on both sides of the retroventral sucker.

Eggs. It is oval in shape, golden in color, with a size of 1140126 μ m × 640072 μ m. There is an egg cover at the slightly pointed end of the egg.

(2) Life history.

The development of Echinostoma requires two intermediate hosts: the first intermediate host is freshwater snail and the second intermediate host is freshwater snail or tadpole. The eggs are excreted out of the body with the feces of the final hosts such as geese, and under suitable conditions, the cercariae hatch in the water and drill into the first intermediate host freshwater snails (vertebral process snail, radish snail, etc.). In the body, the cercariae and the first and second generation of cercariae develop into cercariae, which leave the first intermediate host and enter into the water, and after meeting the second intermediate host, freshwater snails (snails, bean snails, etc.), clams and tadpoles, enter their bodies and develop into metacercaria. Ducks and geese are infected by eating tadpoles or snails containing metacercaria. The infantile worms in the metacercaria attached to the intestinal wall and developed into adults after about 16 to 22 days. Adults are parasitic in the rectum and cecum.

3) Epidemiology. The prevalence of Echinostoma is widespread, especially in the Yangtze River Basin and its southern provinces and autonomous regions. Poultry that are stocked or fed with aquatic plants have a high incidence. It is very harmful to the chicks.

(4) Clinical symptoms and pathological changes. Due to the mechanical stimulation and toxin of the worm, digestive function is impaired, such as loss of appetite, dysentery, anemia, emaciation, hindrance of growth and development, and serious death. During the autopsy, hemorrhagic enteritis was found, and many reddish worms were attached to the rectal and cecal mucosa, causing intestinal mucosal injury and bleeding.

(5) Prevention and control measures.

In the endemic areas of the disease, the work of eliminating its intermediate host, freshwater snail, should be done. Geese should be dewormed in a planned way every year, and the faeces after deworming should be treated strictly. Should clean the poultry house in time, carry on the accumulation fermentation to the faeces, kill the insect eggs.

Insecticide can be treated with niclosamide (100mg / kg body weight, one oral dose), albendazole (15mg / kg body weight, once oral), thiobichlorophenol (100mg / kg body weight, 200mg / kg body weight, into suspensions, twice oral) and praziquantel (10mg / kg body weight, once oral).