Advantages and disadvantages of cotton machine sowing
In recent years, cotton sowing in Ninghe County has always been maintained at about 300000 mu, accounting for more than 50% of the arable land. Since the introduction of experimental and demonstration machine sowing technology in 2002, the popularized use area has reached more than 70% this year, injecting new vitality into cotton production in Ninghe County.
The main methods are as follows: first, carry out machine ploughing, winter irrigation or spring irrigation, preserve soil moisture before sowing, flatten the soil with sowing seeds, then spray herbicides on the surface, and then sow seeds with a seeder: ditching, fertilizing, sowing, soil mulching, film mulching, and running water operations. finish at once (the seeds must be light seeds).
According to our investigation and experience, machine broadcasting mainly has the following advantages:
The main results are as follows: 1. As the trial amount of seeds and chemical fertilizers can be regulated, the effects of uniform sowing and fertilization, high speed and good quality can be achieved.
2. Save labor and reduce labor intensity: one seeder uses a hand belt, and three people (including robot hands) can sow more than 20 mu a day, which is 15 times that of manual mulching and sowing, especially for continuous operation, and the sowing efficiency is higher. It is very suitable for the popularization and application of farmers and large contractors with large sowing area and less labor.
This year, through our cotton seedling stage in-depth machine sowing plot survey, but also found a disadvantageous side: where the ground is uneven, lack of soil moisture, the emergence of land is not all uneven. The problem is: to adopt machine sowing, winter irrigation or spring irrigation must sow soil moisture in advance, but in recent years, most of our county is rotary tillage and shallow ploughing layer, the field water holding capacity is small, the effect of soil moisture conservation is poor, and the time is short, so it is difficult to sow enough moisture in the appropriate period. therefore, it is difficult to produce whole seedlings in high-lying and uneven land, resulting in the phenomenon of missing seedlings and broken ridges.
In short, we believe that the advantages of machine sowing outweigh the disadvantages. As long as the soil moisture is sufficient and the sowing quality is ensured, the whole seedling can be sowed at one time.
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Mechanized Micro-bowl Seedling raising Technology of Cotton
The traditional nutrition bowl seedling raising method has some shortcomings, such as too much labor, complex seedling bed management, high transplanting labor intensity and so on. The mechanized micro-bowl cotton seedling raising technology developed by the Economic Institute of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Jiangsu Agricultural Technology extension Center broke through the traditional mode of cotton seedling raising by manual operation for a long time, and achieved the goal of labor-saving and labor-saving in cotton seedling raising. At present, the mechanized micro-bowl seedling raising technology is in the experimental and demonstration stage, and it has not been popularized and applied on a large scale, and farmers do not fully understand and master the technology. For this reason, our reporter discussed the advantages, disadvantages and details of mechanized micro-bowl seedling raising.
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Cotton chemical control is fastidious.
In recent years, with the widespread application of insect-resistant cotton, plastic film mulching and chemical control technology, cotton farmers have some bad cultivation tendency in cotton cultivation technology, especially in chemical control technology (hereinafter referred to as chemical control). If we do not pay attention to timely and appropriate chemical control, the cotton field will grow excessively, the vegetative growth is too prosperous, and the buds, flowers and bolls fall off seriously, which eventually leads to the formation of high, large and empty cotton plants, and serious lodging in the later stage of wind and rain, resulting in great losses. In chemical control, we should aim to stabilize the shelf of high yield, increase buds and protect bolls, and master the "look at the sky, the earth and the seedlings".
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