Prevention and treatment of sudden canine distemper in foxes

1. Morbidity

On August 5, 2004, a farmer in the animal husbandry community purchased a batch of arctic foxes from other places and put them into the cage in the community without isolation and observation. On August 10, the original young foxes fell ill, and quickly spread to the whole herd. About 10 days, all the more than 100 foxes in the stock column died. As the head of household did not report the epidemic, the epidemic situation further expanded. On August 20, there were more than 10,000 foxes in the whole community, and 980 fell ill. The incidence rate was 9. 8%, through collective consultation, determined the strategy of emergency vaccination and symptomatic treatment. As of September 20, the epidemic has been basically brought under control. There have been no new cases in healthy foxes for 10 consecutive days. 590 of 980 sick foxes have been cured and 390 died.

2. Symptoms

2.1 in the early stage of the disease, the animal's body temperature increased (40mur41C), depression and diet, sometimes vomiting and dry nose, typical clinical symptoms of canine distemper appeared 3 days after onset, eye conjunctiva began to flush and swollen, and finally suppurative conjunctivitis, hair loss around the eyes, upper and lower eyelids were glued together by purulent secretions, rhinoscope skin cracked, nasal mucosa inflamed and swollen, purulent secretions flowed out, and nostrils blocked. Dyspnea, when the lungs are invaded, cough, wet cough after initial dry cough, catarrhal inflammation of digestive organs, diarrhea, sometimes mixed with blood.

2.2 neurological symptoms occur during the convalescence of the disease or at the beginning of fever. Spasms, seizures, increased responsiveness to stimuli, and sometimes madness. Most of the diseased animals with neurological symptoms at the beginning showed an acute process and a short course of disease, and died within 2 days.

3. Changes in anatomical examination

There are catarrhal inflammatory lesions in the small intestine, numerous banded, diffuse bleeding on the rectum, punctate bleeding in the bladder, bleeding spots under the epicardium, meningeal congestion and edema, dark red or cherry liver, full of blood, and a little or strip bleeding under the renal capsule.

4. Laboratory examination

The nasal juice and saliva of acute dead animals were aseptically collected and artificially infected with 2 puppies under one year old. The puppies showed typical symptoms of canine distemper after onset.

5. Diagnosis

Combined with epidemic situation, symptoms, autopsy changes, diagnosed as canine distemper.

6. Control measures and results

6.1 the healthy foxes were urgently vaccinated with the combined vaccine of canine distemper and viral enteritis.

6.2 separate healthy foxes from sick foxes and disinfect them with disinfectants containing iodine and chlorine with fox spray twice a day. Clean up the feces every day, spray the ground with 35% caustic soda water, and burn the dead fox body and bury it deeply.

6.3 Drug prophylaxis was carried out after immunization in healthy groups, the daily dose was divided into two doses, and drinking water was given for 4 days. Administration method: no fox is calculated according to one kilogram of drinking water every day. 10 grams of ribavirin, 50 grams of astragalus polysaccharides, 15 grams of gentamicin, 200 grams of vitamin and health and 2 grams of glucose are added to 100 kilograms of drinking water. Five kilos.

6.4 treatment of diseased foxes: antiviral serum was used once a day, not only one dose, for 3 days, analgin twice a day, 5 milliliters each time, and cefsezide sodium 2 times a day, 0 each time. 5 grams; appetizer Xiaoshiling 2 times a day, 1 for each. 5 ml, injection of Emol with vomiting, 1 dose each time, 3 Mel for 5 days.

7. Discussion

7.1 after the outbreak of the epidemic situation, emergency vaccination of healthy foxes is an important means to control the epidemic situation. Adding appropriate drugs to fox food for drug prevention on the basis of strong immunity can effectively reduce the number of cases and isolate new sick animals in time. Give symptomatic treatment, and do a good job of disinfection.

7.2 establish and improve a strict veterinary health system, forbid other animals to enter the fox farm and be vaccinated on time. Foxes can be vaccinated from November to December, and young animals can be vaccinated about 2 weeks after nesting, using subcutaneous injection on the inside of the hind legs. Unified management of various production and operation activities, such as epidemic prevention, introduction, purchase of raw materials, leather sheets @ # @ 136 farmers, etc., so that there are no hidden dangers in safe production in the community, and the overall interests of farmers in the community are maintained.

7.3 active symptomatic treatment and meticulous nursing should be given to the diseased fox.

7.4 the outbreak is related to the lack of normal epidemic prevention among farmers in the community. Foxes in adjacent communities have been effectively protected because of routine epidemic prevention, and there is no case of disease after drug prevention.