Raccoon dog vitamin d deficiency

The absorption of VD can not only promote the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the intestinal tract, but also act on bone tissue. Although raccoon dogs are not conducive to the absorption of VD because of their own physiological characteristics, most farmers use fish as feed in the process of conventional feeding, and it is generally not easy to have a lack of VD. Early weaned raccoon dogs, due to the imbalance of calcium and phosphorus in the diet, lack of inorganic salts, vitamins and protein, or raccoon dogs suffering from gastroenteritis, raised in dark and unclean cages due to lack of ultraviolet radiation, are prone to this disease. The main clinical manifestations of VD deficiency are digestive dysfunction, claudication, arched back, vertebrae and facial bones, and enlargement and deformation of extremities joints, which can lead to death. According to the clinical treatment of 8 cases of raccoon dog VD deficiency, the authors summarized as follows:

1 Pathogenesis

VD is a kind of sterol with many kinds, among which VD2 (ergol) and VD3 (cholecalcidol) are the main ones. VD2 is the product of ultraviolet irradiation such as yeast or ergosterol in ergot, while VD3 is the product of ultraviolet irradiation of 7-deoxycholesterol in animal skin and fat. After VD is absorbed by the body and activated by hydroxylation, its physiological function can be brought into full play. VD deficiency does not occur in animals under normal living conditions and feeding conditions. Therefore, lack of ultraviolet radiation, lack of calcium in food and improper proportion of calcium and phosphorus are the main factors leading to VD deficiency in raccoon dogs.

2 clinical symptoms

Raccoon dogs in the initial stage generally show loss of appetite, slightly poor spirit, indigestion, dishevelled coat, hindlimb weakness, do not like exercise. About 4 weeks later, the affected raccoon dog could not carry normal weight and crawled, the long bones of vertebrae and limbs became deformed, arched back and joints enlarged, accompanied by serious digestive dysfunction, constipation or constipation appeared alternately with diarrhea, but most of them were constipation. In the later stage, he died of severe failure.

3Therapeutic measures

Clinically, according to the medical history, clinical symptoms, conditional combination of X-ray results can basically be diagnosed.

3.1 20 000 IU of VD was injected intramuscularly once a week for 3 to 5 times. Calcitriol can also be taken orally and calcium is supplemented at the same time.

3.2 for raccoon dogs with severe illness or poor curative effect, Nolone phenylpropionate, an assimilation hormone, was injected intramuscularly with 2~4mL once every 2 weeks. At the same time, the protein content in feed should be properly increased to make it play a better role of assimilation.

3.3 Vitamin calcium was injected intramuscularly, 2 mL once a day, for 5 times and 7 times. At the same time, an appropriate amount of bone meal was added to the diet. After one month of treatment, the condition was significantly improved, but some of the more serious patients still showed varying degrees of claudication.

4 summary

4.1 the therapeutic effect of the disease is related to the course of the disease and the severity of the disease. The shorter the course of the disease, the lighter the disease, the more timely the treatment, the better the curative effect; on the contrary, the curative effect is worse.

4.2VD can not only promote the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the intestinal tract, but also act on bone tissue, and the lack of VD in young raccoon dogs can induce rickets. Therefore, calcium supplement should be considered in the treatment of raccoon dog VD deficiency.

4.3 Scientific feeding and prevention of partial feeding are important measures to prevent the disease.