Cultivation model of crop rotation in lotus root field

Lotus root is not only an important aquatic vegetable in China, but also an important vegetable for export to earn foreign exchange. A large number of cultivation in the south of Huang-Huai River, especially in the Yangtze River basin and its south area, not only plays an important role in increasing farmers' income and agricultural efficiency, but also plays an important role in improving and beautifying the environment, protection and utilization of wetlands. Taking lotus root as the center, doing a good job of crop rotation is of great significance for fully improving land utilization rate and economic benefits per unit area, reducing the harm of diseases and insect pests, reducing the use of pesticides, improving soil and improving soil fertility.

1. The characteristics of lotus root field. The lotus root has strong tolerance to continuous cropping. In the actual production, the vast majority of lotus root fields are continuously cropped for many years. Usually, in the same field, the stubble can be arranged with lotus root as the center for several years in a row. When the lotus root is cultivated in the open field in the Yangtze River basin, it is generally planted from the middle to the last ten days of March to the first and middle of April, the green lotus root is harvested from July to August, and the old mature lotus root is harvested from September to October; when the plastic shed is covered with precocious cultivation, it is planted around the middle of March, the green lotus root is harvested from June to July, and the old mature lotus root is harvested from August to September. No matter open field cultivation or facility cultivation, when harvesting green lotus root, most of them can be stubble in July; if it is for the purpose of harvesting old mature lotus root, it can be harvested from mid-late August to the end of April of the following year. As long as the harvest period of lotus root is arranged reasonably, the space for the allocation of lotus root stubble is relatively large.

2. The mode of changing stubble in lotus root field. ⑴ lotus root, one late rice and one xerophytic vegetable

The first crop: Lotus root. In this model, lotus root adopts early-maturing cultivation techniques, including selecting early-maturing varieties (such as Elian No. 1, New No. 1 lotus root, etc.), increasing seed use, increasing density, early planting, adopting facilities, timely harvest and listing, and so on. In general, the lotus root was harvested in the first and middle of July, with an output of 750 kg (per 667 square meters, the same below).

The second crop: late rice. Late rice was planted in mid-late July and harvested in mid-late October with a yield of 450 kg.

The third crop: xerophytic vegetables. After the late rice is harvested, plant another crop of xerophytic vegetables. For field sowing or planting of xerophytic vegetables, the period from late October to the first and middle April of the following year should be from late October to the first and middle April of the following year, with the premise that it does not affect the planting of lotus root in the second year. Suitable xerophytic vegetables such as spring radish, Chinese cabbage, red cabbage, late-maturing cauliflower, spring lettuce, celery, spinach, potherb and so on. Spring radish can be sowed from November to early January and harvested from January to April with a yield of 2000 kg. Chinese cabbage can be directly seeded or planted from late October to January and harvested from November to April with a yield of 1500 kg. Red cabbage was planted in late October and harvested in late February with a yield of 1200 kg. Cauliflower was planted from late October to November and harvested from late March to the first and middle of April with a yield of 1500 kg. Spring lettuce was planted in November and harvested from late March to early April with a yield of 2500 kg. Celery was planted from late October to early November and harvested before the first half of April with a yield of 2000 kg. Spinach was directly broadcast from late October to November and harvested from December to March with a yield of 2000 kg. Potherb was planted from late October to November and harvested in March with a yield of 2000 kg.