High-yield and good-quality cultivation techniques of Tianying Pepper

Sky Eagle Pepper is a vegetable variety with high taste. It is not only an indispensable food in people's dietary structure, but also a natural raw material for pigment additives and beauty products in the food industry. In order to realize the high quality, high yield and high efficiency of Tianying pepper production, the extension area reached 31200 hm2 from 2000 to 2001, and the yield was 3407.25kg/hm2, which was 679.35kg/hm2 higher than that of the control, and the total output value was increased by 159.1076 million yuan, and remarkable economic and social benefits were obtained.

1 Seedling stage management

(1) raising seedlings

The suitable temperature for the growth of Tianying pepper is 20: 30 ℃. In the production, it is popularized to raise seedlings in small arch shed or sunny border, film and other thermal insulation mulch, so as to improve the utilization rate of light, hot water and other resources and land production efficiency.

(2) cultivate strong seedlings

The colonized seedlings are too big and too small to reach the ideal yield. Only the seedlings with strong growth and strong root regeneration ability can grow normally after transplantation and achieve the ideal yield. The peak of yield was 15~18cm, the number of leaves was 10: 12, and the seedling weight was 3: 5 g, so we determined that the seedling age was 55-60 days and the physiological seedling age was more than 10.

(3) appropriate period of transplantation

When the air temperature is close to the suitable temperature for pepper growth at 20-30 ℃, proper close planting and balanced fertilization should be applied.

Proper close planting is the key to maximize the use of light and heat resources and achieve high quality and high yield. Under the condition of local general soil fertility, the yield was the highest with the density of 135000 ~ 115000 plants per hm2.

Pepper is a potassium-loving crop. Applying sufficient base fertilizer and increasing potassium fertilizer can effectively reduce pepper diseases and improve yield and quality. in order to determine the reasonable amount of base fertilizer, the ratio of pure N120kg/hm2, P205135kg/hm2 and K20157.5kg ∶ 2 N, P and K is 1 ∶ 1.1 ∶ 1.3in order to determine the reasonable amount of base fertilizer.

3 intercropping

Eagle pepper is a kind of crop that likes scattered light, and moderate shading can promote the yield and quality. On the basis of experiment and demonstration, we vigorously promoted the intercropping technology of Eagle Pepper and Maize in the project area, with an intercropping area of 19000 hm2, accounting for 61.3% of the project area. The experimental demonstration shows that the intercropping of Tianying pepper and corn has the following advantages: ① can effectively reduce the incidence of sunburn and improve the quality. The rate of diseased plants decreased by 60.2%, the rate of diseased leaves decreased by 31.8%, the rate of diseased pepper decreased by 20.4%, and the rate of first-grade products increased by 23.25%. ② maize has wide leaves and strong transpiration, which can reduce the waterlogging damage of Tianying pepper to a certain extent after heavy rain. ③ corn can trap cotton bollworm and other adults, which is beneficial to centralized hunting and killing. ④ increased the yield of dried pepper 315kg/hm2, increased by 10.47%, and overharvested corn 1480.5kg/hm2, with a combined increase of 3000 yuan / hm2. According to the experiment, the best row ratio of pepper and corn intercropping is 4: 6 ∶ 1. Corn plant distance 50cm, single plant cultivation, leaving seedlings 600,800 plants / hm2, Tianying pepper can be sown after planting.

4 hit the top at the right time

The plant type of Capsicum angustifolia is limited cymose type, and its natural growth characteristic is that 14 leaves grow at the apical growth point and then blossom and bear fruit at the top, then lateral branches are drawn out from the axils of the lower leaves, and the top flower is mature before each lateral branch. At the end of June and the beginning of July, when eagle pepper grows to 14 leaves, topping at the right time has the following advantages: ① destroys the advantage of apical growth, adjusts the direction of nutrient movement in the plant, and is beneficial to the growth and growth of lateral branches. ② grew sturdily and neatly, with 6.1 fruit per plant and 8.4 equal fruit per plant. ③ was ventilated and transparent, which was beneficial to the photosynthesis and the accumulation of photosynthates. The dry weight of pepper was 1.2 g higher than that of the control. The average yield of ④ topping was 4612.5kg/hm2, and the control was 4240.5kg/hm2. The yield of topping was 372.0kg/hm2 higher than that of the control, and the effect was significant by statistical analysis.