Technical questions and answers on Cotton Bud stage Management

1. What is the bud period?

Answer: when buckwheat grain size triangular buds appear on the first fruit branch of cotton plant, it is called budding. 50% of cotton plants in the whole field are called budding stage; when 50% of cotton plant fourth fruit branch is budding, it is called budding stage. The bud period is generally between 25 and 30 days, and "28 flowers with buds" (days) refers to the bud stage. The cultivation mode and temperature are different, the bud stage is slightly different, and the bud stage is generally from early June to early July in the north of the Yellow River.

2. Why should we pay attention to the management of bud period?

A: this stage is the stage of both vegetative growth and reproductive growth. Cotton is sensitive to water and fertilizer. If there is insufficient water and fertilizer, especially nitrogen fertilizer, it will lead to poor vegetative growth and less dry matter accumulated by photosynthesis, resulting in small trees, few buds, unable to set up high-yield shelves, premature senescence and reduced production. If there is too much water and fertilizer, especially too much nitrogen, excess vegetative growth, a large amount of dry matter accumulated by photosynthesis will be consumed in vegetative growth, resulting in excessive growth of cotton plants and shedding of buds and bolls. Therefore, this period should not only grow up, but also grow steadily, which is the key period to build a high-yield shelf.

3. How to judge the appearance and growth of high yield of cotton?

Answer: the appearance of high yield of ① cotton is: "the root system is deep and green, the stem is thick and short, the top is flat, the buds are fat, and the buds are large and shedding less." The high-yield growth trend of cotton is that the daily increase of plant height from bud to full bud stage is between 1-1.5 cm, and that from full bud to early flowering stage is between 1.5-2.5 cm.

(2) the overgrowth of cotton is as follows: "the length between the thick branches of the culm, the slender leaves of 3 petioles, the height of the sunken stems and leaves of 4 apical centers, and the thinness and shedding weight of 5 buds". The overgrowth trend of cotton is that the daily increase of plant height from budding to full bud stage is more than 2 cm, and that from full bud to early flowering stage is more than 3 cm.

(7) the appearance of cotton with poor growth was as follows: the stem was red and thin, 9 leaves were thin and yellow, 10 cotton tips protruded from the top, and 11 buds were thinner. The growth trend of cotton is that the daily increase of plant height from budding to full bud stage is less than 1 cm, and that from 13 full bud to early flowering stage is less than 2 cm.

14 what is the principle of cotton field management at bud stage: the most suitable temperature for bud stage is 26-30 ℃. The suitable temperature is very beneficial to take root and grow trees and to build up buds. The budding was affected by the temperature below 19 ℃, the terminal bud grew vigorously when the temperature was higher than 30 ℃, and the vegetative growth was accelerated at 15 ℃. Therefore, the principle of cotton field management at 16 bud stage is to strive to coordinate the contradiction between vegetative growth and reproductive growth of cotton, 17 "look at the sky, look at the earth, look at appearance" scientific management, 18 to "promote weakness and control prosperity".

5. What are the main measures for cotton field management at bud stage?

Answer: ① weather is dry, soil fertility is poor, cotton grows weak cotton field: want proper watering, apply a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer to promote seedling, general mu dosage 5 kilograms urea. Can also increase the application of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer (depending on the situation, general mu application of diammonium, potassium sulfate or potassium chloride each 5 kg. ② overgrown cotton fields: to control water and fertilizer, squatting seedlings properly. The general methods of squatting seedlings are: a) ploughing. Mid-tillage can cut off the lateral roots of cotton, can control the cotton plant will not grow in a week, generally cut off one side to protect the other. The cotton field with plastic film covering wide and narrow rows can be ploughed along both sides of the plastic film, that is, the back of the ridge. B) reduce the security chemical control. According to the research results of China Agricultural University, the whole process chemical control of cotton is better. Chemical control at bud stage can orient plastic surgery, promote root and seedling strength, reduce bud drop and enhance resistance.

Generally, chemical control is taken twice in the bud stage: the first time in the early bud stage, the dosage per mu is about 0.3 grams (powder); the second full bud to the early flowering stage, the dosage per mu is about 2 grams (powder). C) pinch the squatting seedling by hand. This approach can be adopted where there are plenty of human resources. For some tall and thin seedlings, pinch them with their thumbs and index fingers at the tender place of the fourth leaf, until they feel a sound. Some people sum up the advantages of this method is: click, three days is not long, do not grow the main stem light long peach. Control high seedlings, promote low seedlings, high seedlings and other low seedlings, low seedlings catch up with high seedlings, grow the same, bud and protect peaches. ③ should do a good job in pest forecasting and control pests such as red spiders, aphids, corn borer, cotton bollworm, blind bug bug and small gray weevil in bud stage as soon as possible. ④ combined with soil cultivation when ploughing. Make good preparations for drainage and drought prevention. ⑤ where cotton fields are covered with 1-2 cm thick crop stubble, it can preserve soil moisture and resist drought, disease resistance and disaster reduction.