Post-disaster management method of cotton hail

Timely drainage and waterlogging prevention hail is often accompanied by strong wind and rainstorm, which often causes stagnant water in the field, and the soil moisture is too large, which is easy to cause cotton root damage and affect the normal growth of cotton.

After the hail disaster, the cotton field soil is hardened, the ground temperature is low and the humidity is high. All kinds of disaster cotton fields should be ploughed in time to loosen the soil, break the consolidation, increase the ground temperature, promote the physiological activity of the root system, and make the cotton plants resume normal growth as soon as possible.

For the severely damaged cotton fields with more than 80% of cotton plants and light stalks after the hail disaster, it is suggested that cotton plants should be pulled out and planted with other crops to minimize economic losses.

For the cotton fields where 50% or 80% of the cotton plants are bare stalks after the hail disaster, it is recommended to prepare for sowing other crops and keep the cotton plants for the time being. According to the weather change, depending on the recovery of cotton plants. If the dead cotton plant is less than 40%, the retained cotton will benefit more than the replanted crop, then the cotton will be retained; otherwise, the cotton will be pulled out and planted with other crops.

If only the leaves are broken or some fruit branches are broken, the superfluous buds and leaf branches should be removed early to ensure the normal development and growth of the terminal buds. For headless cotton plants, 2-3 leaf branches can be retained instead of the main stem, and 3-4 fruit branches can be left on each leaf branch.

For the cotton fields where more than 50% of the cotton plants have 2 or 3 residual fruit branches after the hailstorm, the following measures should be taken immediately:

Combine drainage and ploughing and loosening soil to straighten up and cultivate the soil of lodging cotton plants, in order to improve as soon as possible. Early application of available fertilizer can promote cotton plants to grow new branches and leaves early and quickly increase buds and bolls. In general, 10 kg urea per mu was applied in trenches to fully meet the needs of rebuilding nutrients and buds and bolls of cotton plants.

After timely pruning and shaping cotton plants affected by hail disaster, more branches will be formed, and untimely pruning will cause cotton plants to grow madly. Therefore, after the new branches and leaves of cotton plants grow, they must be pruned and shaped in time according to density, soil fertility and other conditions. For decapitated cotton, when the new buds grow to 3 cm, according to the principle of "leaving no buds, staying strong and not weak", leave 2 or 4 new buds instead of stems, 2 leaf branches per plant with high density instead of main stems, and 3 leaf branches per plant with low density instead of main stems, but special attention should be paid to timely smearing of superfluous buds and timely hitting the top in order to concentrate nutrients on big peaches.

After scientific control of hail disaster, cotton should be controlled lightly and diligently, according to the principle of a small number of times, timely chemical control according to soil force, cotton plant growth and weather conditions, the dosage of Ketamine: 1 g / mu in the first time, 2 g / mu in the second time, 3 g / mu in the third time and 3 g / mu in the fourth time.

The new branches and leaves of cotton field are tender and vulnerable to cotton aphids and other pests, especially the high humidity, which is beneficial to the occurrence of cotton aphids. Therefore, it is necessary to pay close attention to the trend of cotton field pests and control them in time, so as to prevent further losses due to the damage of cotton field pests.