Cotton pre-sowing preparation
First, soil preparation and fertilization: on the basis of ploughing and freezing in winter, base fertilizer is applied in spring, with 3 cubic meters of commonly effective organic manure and 30 kg of available ternary compound fertilizer per mu, and then ploughed, raked and leveled. After rain, it is necessary to rake again to absorb and preserve soil moisture, and enough moisture to be planted.
Second, seed preparation: (1) Variety selection. Disease-resistant and insect-resistant hybrid cotton varieties are selected, such as Yuza 35, Zhongmian 47, Zhongmian 48 and so on. (2) seed selection. Select the seeds with high purity, full grains, maturity and high germination rate. (3) seed drying. Choose sunny and warm weather 7 days before sowing and dry for 2-3 days to improve germination and growth. (4) seed dressing with chemicals. Before sowing, the seeds were mixed with insecticides and fungicides to effectively control underground pests and seedling diseases.
Third, the determination of sowing time: according to the climatic characteristics of frost-free period from north to south in our province, the sowing time is scheduled for April 20-25 in northern Henan, 15-20 April in central Henan and 10-15 April in southern Henan.
Fourth, replenish and sow moisture before sowing: for wheat and cotton fields, as the direct sowing date of cotton is in the vigorous growth period, the consumption of soil moisture is serious, and the cotton planting line is easy to lack soil moisture. If there is no rainfall during this period, sprinkler irrigation should be used to replenish soil moisture 3 days before sowing. If sowing first and then watering to replenish soil moisture, it is easy to cause low temperature and high humidity and aggravate the disease at seedling stage, resulting in lack of seedlings and broken ridges, which directly affects the yield.
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Cotton pre-sowing preparation and sowing techniques
Sowing is the basic link to win high quality and high efficiency of cotton. In order to guide the majority of cotton farmers to plant cotton scientifically, the following sowing techniques are put forward. 1. Select excellent cotton varieties and focus on early-maturing varieties. Such as the national trial of "Ji 668" and 99B and other excellent varieties. In order to preserve the seedlings, the germination test must be done before sowing and the suitable sowing amount must be determined. The sowing rate of machine sowing is about 2 kg / mu, and that of manual sowing on demand is about 1.5 kg / mu. 2. Adopting plastic film mulching technology can increase temperature, preserve soil moisture and promote soil moisture.
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Treatment of several Special cases of Cotton after sowing
1. After the cotton is sown with insufficient moisture, the soil moisture should be checked in time. For the cotton fields with poor soil moisture and the possibility of drying, ditches can be opened at the edge of the seed ditch to irrigate small water; cotton fields without water irrigation conditions can be suppressed to increase soil moisture before the seedlings are unearthed. 2. In case of rain after sowing, the ground is easy to harden and shell when it rains after sowing. After the rain, hoe and loosen the soil should be made in time to break the knot to help the seedlings to be unearthed. If the soil cover is too thick, you should pick the soil to save the seedlings; the seedlings can not stand the strong light of the sun, so pay attention to leaving a small amount of wet soil in the upper part of the seedlings. 3. Incomplete emergence of seedlings
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