Organic Fertilizer must be applied for sustained High yield of Cotton

Although cotton is a barren-tolerant crop, in order to achieve high and stable yield, cotton field must have higher fertility. According to the Cotton Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, at present, most cotton fields in China are lack of fertility, and the contents of various nutrients are rich and deficient, which are very unbalanced, especially in the cotton area of the Yellow River basin, the content of organic matter is low, the supply of nitrogen is insufficient, and the content of available potassium is decreasing rapidly. trace elements zinc and boron are also in the range of deficiency or potential deficiency. These have become important factors restricting the sustained and steady increase of cotton production.

Cotton is a deep-rooted crop with a long growing period and a large amount of fertilizer. Cotton yield is closely related to soil fertility. Organic matter is one of the main material bases of soil fertility. In a certain range, the cotton field with high content of organic matter has high soil fertility. Therefore, the main way to fertilize the cotton field is to apply more organic fertilizer and an appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer before the cultivated land as base fertilizer into the soil. In this way, the depth of application is deeper, the soil fertilizer is melted after ploughing, the fertilizer effect is relatively stable, and the nutrient release and retention time is long, which is beneficial to improve the soil and fertilize the soil fertility. Moreover, the nutrient content of organic fertilizer is all, which is beneficial to the growth and development of cotton, the plant is strong, and the stress resistance is enhanced.

Practice has proved that the cotton field can achieve a temporary high yield only by applying chemical fertilizer in a favorable year, but it is difficult to achieve sustainable high yield. Because the continuous application of chemical fertilizer will gradually worsen the soil properties, aggravate the hardening and deteriorate the permeability, which is also one of the important reasons why the occurrence period of cotton disease is advanced year by year and the disease is aggravated year by year in recent years. However, it is not realistic to rotate crop frequently in key cotton areas where cotton fields are concentrated. Therefore, the sustainable high yield, disease and continuous cropping problems of cotton can not be solved fundamentally without the application of organic fertilizer.

There are many kinds of organic fertilizer, including soil manure, circle manure, compost, green manure, cake fertilizer and human feces and urine. Loop fertilizer is a high-quality organic fertilizer, which is mainly composed of livestock and poultry manure. Returning straw directly to the field is also a good way to put in organic fertilizer. There are 600 Mu of cotton wood and 250 kg of stubble per mu of cotton wood, which are the main sources of organic matter in cotton fields. Organic matter can improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil, make soil particles cement into a stable aggregate structure, while maintain a certain porosity between aggregates, improve soil water and fertilizer conservation, and improve aeration and temperature regulation. It is especially necessary for the improvement of sandy and clayey soil. Organic fertilizer is also beneficial to the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in soil, so it can inhibit the activities of harmful microorganisms such as bacteria. The more the land is planted, the more fertile the land will be, and the land will be transformed from medium-and low-yield farmland to high-yield farmland. Of course, this can't be done in a year or two. However, in the soil where there is no application of organic fertilizer for many years, it can also be effective in the same year, because the organic fertilizer itself contains certain nutrients and can be directly absorbed and utilized by cotton plants. The investment in cotton field is actually the investment in land, and it is a kind of basic long-term investment and construction.

The application quantity of soil miscellaneous fertilizer, straw, compost and circle fertilizer can be determined according to the quality of fertilizer, not more than 1m / mu, 2kg / mu, and more to create high yield. For example, if the quality of fertilizer is low and the quantity is small, it is necessary to apply 50 kilograms of cake fertilizer per mu. At present, there are many professional and part-time households of livestock and poultry farming in rural areas, and organic manure has also been commercialized. Almost pure livestock and poultry manure can be applied to 300 Murray and 500 kilograms per mu, which must be fermented before application, otherwise it will attract underground pests.

China's land resources are limited, in order to meet the growing demand for agricultural and livestock products, we must constantly improve land productivity. Therefore, the application of organic fertilizer not only has important practical significance, but also has far-reaching strategic significance.

At present, it is a good time for autumn ploughing and bottom fertilizer application in cotton fields. This winter comes late, and the ploughing time will be extended. Those who complain about the poor soil quality and soil fertility of cotton, those who worry about the low and unstable cotton production, and those who are plagued by cotton diseases should take immediate action to change the land conditions on which they rely for survival, starting with the application of organic fertilizer. I'm sure we'll get rich returns that year and in the future.