Artificial breeding technique of Schisandra chinensis
The special medical and health care effect of Schisandra chinensis is more and more favored by people. However, the breeding and breeding of Schisandra chinensis is a difficult problem. The improved variety breeding base of Schisandra chinensis in Kuandian County, Liaoning Province has cultivated excellent new varieties of Schisandra chinensis by using wild Schisandra chinensis. The method is as follows:
First of all, the wild Schisandra chinensis was optimized, purified and domesticated according to the law of "offspring over-kinship" among excellent varieties (lines) of grape, pear and other fruit trees.
The main method is to select a piece of wild Schisandra chinensis on the mountain, and when the fruit is ripe, the plants with long, neat, large, compact, uniform and good comprehensive characters are selected as breeding parents, while all other inferior plants are eradicated. In the flowering period of the next year, the retained parent trees were pollinated by cross-pollination and cross-pollination, and excellent seeds were selected.
The second step is to cultivate seedlings from the seeds obtained in the open air and then plant them directly in the flat ground, and then cultivate and domesticate them in the open air under the condition of full light to make them gradually adapt to the high temperature and drought environment. After the tree bears fruit, its seeds are collected and used in the new commercial garden in a large area. The excellent varieties cultivated by this method have significantly enhanced stress resistance, did not wilt even in high temperature and drought weather, and grew as usual without rain for half a month.
Third, pay attention to pruning. The trunk was cut off at the low position while the seedlings were planted, so as to force the seedlings to sprout 4 main vines from the base as soon as possible. Since then, in line with the principle of "long release" and "short cut", cut as lightly as possible, so that the branches are quickly covered with the shelf surface, expand the fruiting branch group, and reduce the fruiting part.
In addition to the above three key measures, some auxiliary measures have been taken, such as proper close planting, tree plate covering grass, boron application at flowering stage, artificial pollination and so on. It is estimated that the yield per mu of 5-year-old orchard is 225 kg, and that of 6-7-year-old orchard is stable at 240 kg, which is 4 times higher than that of the wild variety 3mi.
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Difficulties and Countermeasures in artificial cultivation of Schisandra chinensis
Schisandra chinensis (Schisandra chinensis) is an authentic northern medicinal material. Recent studies have proved that Schisandra chinensis can regulate the cardiovascular system, improve blood circulation, stimulate the central nervous system, and has a good effect on the treatment of hepatitis. Schisandra chinensis is also used in wine making, seasoning, extraction of flavors and pigments, food preservatives and so on. At present, with the continuous collection of Schisandra chinensis, wild resources are decreasing, the cost and difficulty of collection are gradually increasing, and the environmental damage caused by the collection of wild resources has attracted great attention. Therefore, artificially cultivated Schisandra chinensis will
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Planting and management of Schisandra chinensis seedlings
The planting mode and management technology of Schisandra chinensis seedlings are directly related to the survival rate of seedlings and plant growth, and it is also an important basis for the early cultivation of Schisandra chinensis to achieve high and stable yield. In recent years, with the continuous development of Schisandra chinensis cultivation area, people have summed up some mature experience in Schisandra chinensis seedlings colonization and post-planting management technology. this is briefly introduced as follows: 1 finished seedling colonization and management 1.1 during the colonization period, Schisandra chinensis seedlings can be planted in autumn or spring. Autumn planting is carried out before the soil is frozen
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