Ecological characteristics of Schisandra chinensis

1. Morphological features: Fructus Schisandrae is a deciduous woody vine of Magnoliaceae with soft and tough stems and right-handed winding on other trees and shrubs. It is up to 8 meters high and up to 15 meters high. The developed main root is not obvious, and the dense fibrous root contains a large number of stolons distributed in the shallow layer of the soil. Horizontal elongation is also called walking stem. There are nodes on the nodes and buds on the nodes, which produce hazy faces and grow out of the ground, forming new plants to expand the population. The old rattan bark of Schisandra chinensis is dark brown, the young stem is purplish red or light yellow, densely covered with round prominent lenticels, and the leaves are alternate. The leaves are 9 cm long and 2 mi 5 cm wide, the front end is acute, the base is cordate, and the leaf margin is covered with vegetable hairs. The page is green and shiny, the back of the leaf is light green, and the vein is covered with vegetable hair. Petiole 2Mel 3 cm long, buds are single or mixed buds, mixed buds contain 2 Mel 3 flowers, 4 Mel 5 flowers, unisexual polygynous flowers, flower buds 6 mi 9 pieces, carpels of milky white pistils gathered on raised receptacles, usually forming spikelike aggregate fruits. The fruit is an aggregated berry, subglobose. The fruit is crimson when mature, the stem is about 1 cm, and there are 1 to 2 seeds. The shape is light chrysanthemum yellow, the surface is smooth, the tree shape of Schisandra is beautiful, the flesh is sour and sweet, the seed is bitter and spicy, slightly salty, hence the name Schisandra.

two。 Growth habits: Schisandra likes concealed moist environment, humic soil or loose and fertile soil can be cultivated. Schisandra chinensis is a kind of plant with strong cold resistance. The seedlings sown in that year can withstand the severe cold of minus 21 degrees Celsius and are almost free from the harm of late frost. Schisandra chinensis has different requirements for the external environment at different stages of growth and development. Schisandra chinensis is afraid of strong light at the seedling and nutritional stage, so it needs a damp environment. Good ventilation and light transmission conditions are needed in the flowering and fruiting stage, so air humidity and light should be considered in artificial cultivation of Schisandra chinensis. The annual growth cycle of Schisandra chinensis is greatly affected by different years and different regions. Schisandra chinensis leaves in early May, flowering from late May to early June, stamens bloom first, pollen flies from the third day, and the flowering period is 3Mel for 5 days. The female flower blossoms later than the male flower, and the florescence is 7 Mel 9 days. The female-to-male ratio of Schisandra chinensis varies. Under the influence of plant age, growth strength, nutritional status and light, the number of female flowers increased significantly under good light conditions, and most of the female flowers were born in the upper part of the vine, while the lower part were mostly male flowers, and insects were rarely seen on the flowers during the flowering period. so Schisandra chinensis is thought to be a wind-pollinated flower plant. Schisandra chinensis seedlings usually bear fruit 3 years after planting, bear fruit 5 years later, and bear fruit 6 to 9 years later.