Practical Seedling technique of Schisandra chinensis

Schizandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill.] The berry is suitable for growing in a wide area and is suitable for both north and south. Because it is mainly produced in Northeast China, it is often called North Fructus Schizandra. The fruit is used as medicine. It has the effects of replenishing qi, astringing lung, nourishing kidney, warming essence, promoting body fluid and quenching thirst. It has high medicinal value and economic value. In recent years, with the expansion of its processing and application scope, the international trade volume has increased year after year, the product value has risen steadily, and the development prospect is very broad. In the production, the seedlings of schisandra chinensis are very scarce, and it is urgent to speed up the production of seedlings. Seedling propagation can be used for seeding, cuttage and layering propagation, but the production is mainly based on seed propagation. According to my seedling practice, the seedling technology is briefly introduced as follows:

1. Seed collection and seed treatment

About mid-August of that year, select seeds with large, full maturity (turning red) basically the same, wash the fruit with clean water, rinse with 0.1 - 0.3% potassium permanganate aqueous solution for about one hour, rinse with clean water, dry indoors for a week, turn once a day, and then mix with 3 times clean fine sand until cool and dry. In pits not exceeding 40cm deep. If there are many seeds, bamboo sticks or corn stalks can be tied into bundles every 50cm in the pit to make "exhaust holes". The sand should be kept at a certain humidity (it is advisable to hold them in groups without dripping water), and the net sand should be covered with 20cm. The storage process is checked 2 - 3 times a month. If the seeds are found to be mildewed and hot, they should be immediately turned over for disinfection or transferred to another place. Sand storage until late March of the following year, check whether there are seed cracks, if cracks can be properly increased sand moisture content and up and down, if there is no crack, plastic arch can be used to increase the temperature, when the seeds have two-thirds cracks, you can start sowing.

2. Selection of nursery land and preparation before sowing

Because schisandra seeds are small and difficult to emerge, nursery land should be selected in sandy loam land with convenient transportation, flat terrain, sufficient water source, good drainage and irrigation, loose and fertile. Nursery land should be deeply ploughed before soil freezing to facilitate loose soil and insecticide sterilization. About half a month before sowing, in order to prevent the occurrence of seedling diseases and insect pests, 10 kg of imported carbofuran, 5 kg of carbendazim and 10 kg of compound fertilizer are applied per mu in combination with soil preparation, soil blocks are broken, all weeds and stones are picked up, and the plot is raked.

III. Sowing

After the above preparations are completed, you can start sowing, usually using high bed seedlings, bed height of 20cm, bed width of 120 - 150cm, aisle 20 - 25cm, row spacing of 15cm, ditch depth of about 5 cm, seed amount per mu 8 - 12 kg, uniform soil thickness (about 1.5 - 2cm), and then cover the grass curtain, irrigate enough water, put on the sunshade net.

IV. Field management

When the emergence rate reaches about two-thirds, remove the grass curtain, loosen the soil and weed in time, hoe the weeds to achieve "hoe early, hoe small, hoe", and at the same time in order to prevent seedling leaf blight, spray 1:1:100 Bordeaux solution after the seedling leaves, spray once a week, spray 2 - 3 times, when the seedlings grow to 5 - 6 leaves, can be too dense plots in rainy days dipped in pulp transplant, and timely shade watering. Fertilization is mainly carried out with N fertilizer foliar spray fertilizer, concentration 1 - 2% once every half month, about 5 - 6 times. When the seedlings grow to about 30cm high, the seedlings that grow too much should be removed in time to promote the robust growth of seedlings. After the beginning of autumn, the temperature gradually decreases, the sunshade net is removed on rainy days, and N fertilizer is stopped. 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed 2 - 3 times every 7 - 10 days to promote seedling lignification.