How to keep Lentinus edodes fresh for export, storage and transportation?
First, dehumidification
The freshly picked Lentinus edodes has high water content and needs to be treated with moisture removal.
(1) drying in the sun. The fresh mushrooms are placed on the sun curtain, and the mushroom cover is tilted upward and arranged evenly. Drying time: autumn mushroom 3-6 hours, spring mushroom 6-7 hours, summer mushroom 1-2 hours.
(2) dehumidification by hot air. The mushroom cover is evenly spread down on the sun curtain and placed in a self-made hot air rotary kiln to drain moisture in an environment of 40 degrees Celsius.
(3) use the dehumidifier to remove moisture. For fresh mushrooms after dehumidification, the water content should be 70%-80% when using large packaging and 80%-90% when using small packaging.
II. Storage
Fresh shiitake mushrooms with up to the standard of moisture are packed in plastic baskets and stored in a cold storage of 1-4 degrees Celsius. Before shipment, grading, shearing, weighing, returning to the cold storage for 2 hours, it can be packed according to customer requirements and size.
III. Packaging
The diameter of mushroom cover is more than 6 cm for L, M for more than 5 cm, and S for more than 4 cm. Large packaging using transparent non-toxic film bags, fresh mushrooms into the suction seal, and then moved into insulated plastic foam box, external use corrugated carton packing, each box net weight 5 kg or 10 kg. Small packaging is to put fresh mushrooms on special trays for plastic boxes, the number varies from 4 to 8, bacterial folds should be upward, neatly arranged, each box net weight 100 grams. Then seal it with plastic plastic wrap and put it into a carton. The corrugated cartons are sealed with tape and marked with grade, weight and delivery date, etc. Stored in cold storage for transportation.
IV. Transport
Fresh mushrooms should be started in time after they are installed. When the temperature is below 15 degrees Celsius, it can be transported by ordinary car, otherwise it must be transported by refrigerating vehicle (1-3 degrees Celsius). The fresh-keeping time of Lentinus edodes is also different under different temperature conditions. Keep fresh at 1 ℃ for 18 days, 6 degrees Celsius for 14 days, 15 degrees Celsius for 7 days, the higher the temperature, the shorter the fresh-keeping time.
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Processing points of export-oriented fresh-keeping Lentinus edodes
First, raw materials to choose fresh raw materials, the color should be normal. The shape of the mushroom should be complete, the stalk should be intact, and the mushroom body should maintain the beautiful shape of natural growth. The mushroom meat should be thick, the edge of the mushroom cover should be rolled neatly, the bacterial membrane should not be broken or slightly opened, and the umbrella should not be opened. The diameter of the mushroom cover is not less than 38 mm. Free from diseases and insect pests, odors and soil impurities. Raw material treatment and cold storage 1. Raw material pre-cooling and dehumidification in order to maintain good freshness and color of raw materials, fresh mushrooms should be pre-cooled in time after picking. Grasp the appropriate according to the performance of the equipment and the water content of fresh mushrooms.
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Fresh-keeping processing of Lentinus edodes
1. Drying equipment: at present, although the drying equipment of Lentinus edodes at home and abroad is different in form, scale and technical level, its principle is basically the same. There are generally the following models: (1) forced circulation dryer; (2) forced ventilation parallel flow dryer; (3) heat pump dryer. 2. Drying method (1) before the raw materials are treated and dried, the stalks or stalks of the fresh mushrooms are cut off, impurities are removed and processed after classification. Mushrooms picked in rainy days or with high water content should be spread out first to make
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