Causes and control methods of abnormal mushrooms in Lentinus edodes cultivated in wrong season

Edible mushroom industry is an important part of agriculture. The development of edible mushroom industry can not only promote the virtuous cycle of the ecosystem, but also increase farmers' income, increase agricultural efficiency, and realize the organic unity of economic, ecological and social benefits.

With the development of edible mushroom industry, Lentinus edodes production only occupies the second place, but its economic benefits should be in the first place. How to improve the output and quality of Lentinus edodes is of great significance to the majority of practitioners.

In the off-season cultivation of Lentinus edodes, deformed mushrooms often appear because of inadequate production management, which directly affects the quality and economic value of Lentinus edodes, and the benefit is greatly reduced. The causes of abnormal mushrooms in off-season Lentinus edodes are not only unqualified strains or virus infection, but also improper selection of varieties, improper management of bacteria, substandard color removal of bags, inappropriate immersion of bacteria sticks, unreasonable temperature control and moisture preservation, and so on.

The main manifestations and control methods of deformed mushrooms.

1. The irregular cap is shown as a long or narrow cap or triangular, twisted and irregular. The main reason is that the plastic bag was not cut in time at the young bud stage, so that the bacterial cap was directly pushed onto the bag by certain friction, or the mushroom buds occurred more often, and the buds were not thinned in time. When the mushroom cap grew to the young bud stage, the cap was squeezed together after differentiation, so that the young mushroom cap would not be re-rounded. The prevention and cure method is to cut the bag in time, and carry on the bud thinning treatment, generally only choose 1 or 2 young buds, do not leave more.

two。 Pleurotus ostreatus shows that the cap is thin and small, can not grow for a long time, and there is no special flavor of Lentinus edodes when eating fresh. The first reason is that the color conversion is not complete, and the mushroom is produced in the flower fungus bag or white fungus bag; the second is the lack of nutrition of the bag material; and the third is the high temperature in the mushroom period. Prevention and control measures: mushrooms must be produced in a good color conversion bag; if the bag material is not nutritious, it should be supplemented by soaking the bag, or "foliar fertilization" can be used to spray special nutrients for edible fungi to increase the thickness of the cover; effective cooling measures should be taken when mushrooms are produced in the period of high temperature.

3. The corrugated cap showed that the edge of the cap showed a regular corrugated shape, and the cap was thin and brittle. The main reason for the ripple is that the young mushroom is stimulated by a large temperature difference in the development stage, and the humidity of the environment also changes greatly, which makes the cap tissue develop abnormally. The control method is to maintain a relatively stable temperature and humidity after the occurrence of mushroom buds, especially in out-of-season cultivation in summer, the temperature of the mushroom shed is often the basic condition for the normal development of fruiting bodies.

4. The hollow stalk is slender and hollow, and the cap is also very small. It is mainly caused by the low water content of the bacterial stick and the low humidity in the space. The prevention and control measure is that after each tide of mushroom harvest, the mushroom bag should be treated with a bubble bag, which can be soaked for one day and night to restore the original weight of the mushroom bag, while keeping the air humidity in the mushroom shed above 85%.

5. Pleurotus ostreatus showed twisted stalk and did not stand upright. The reason is that the light in the mushroom shed is strong or the light angle is changed too frequently, and this phenomenon is easy to occur when the air relative humidity is low. The way to prevent it is to maintain a relatively stable air humidity and relatively stable scattered light.

6. The crack mushroom shows that the stalk grows from the cracks in the base material. The reason is that the moisture content of the bacterial bag is too low, which leads to the cracking of the base material to form a long and narrow crack, which makes the fruiting body grow out of the crack, or even not completely drilled out, and the bacterial cap grows in the crack. The way to prevent it is to maintain the humidity and insist on soaking the mushroom bag every time it comes out, so as not to make the base material form cracks.

7. Pleurotus ostreatus showed only bare stalks and no normal cap tissue. The first reason is that the cap tissue is damaged in the mushroom bud stage, and the other is that the ventilation in the greenhouse is not enough and the concentration of carbon dioxide is too high. The way to prevent it is to cut the bag in time, be careful not to hurt the mushroom bud when thinning buds, maintain a good ventilated environment, and make the air in the shed fresh.