Technology of cultivating Lentinus edodes in Open Field with substitute material

Recently, the national edible fungus technology market was held in Gutian County, Fujian Province. More than 700 people from scientific research, production and operation units and professional households from 20 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions gathered in Gutian. After visiting the Lentinus edodes cultivated in the fields of the county, they all praised it.

Lentinus edodes were cultivated with new technology in Gutian county, and the mushrooms were produced 70-80 days after inoculation. The average dry Lentinus edodes per 100 kg of wood or cottonseed shell is 8-12 kg, which is more than 10 times higher than that of the old Linden cultivation method, and the production cycle is shortened from more than two years to 10 months. there is no significant difference in shape, color and taste between Lentinus edodes and Linden mushrooms. Last autumn, Ruan Yi, a professional household in Zouyang Village, Dajia Township, used one mu of winter fallow fields to cultivate 8600 bags of Lentinus edodes. By May this year, he had collected a total of 660kg of Lentinus edodes, with a net income of 10640 yuan except cost, making him a household of 10,000 yuan.

The key measures for this new technology are as follows:

1. Selection of raw materials: the sawdust of broad-leaved trees of Fagaceae, Betulaceae, Aceraceae and Hamamelidaceae are selected, among which the sawdust of Castanopsis kawakamii, Castanopsis carlesii, Maple, Acer, oak, Duying and mistletoe is the best. Should not contain turpentine acid, essential oil, alcohol tree species such as fir, pine, camphor and so on sawdust. In addition, cottonseed shell, bagasse, corncob, peanut shell, sunflower seed shell can also be used.

Second, the preparation of culture materials: sawdust 50 kg, wheat bran 11.5 kg, corn meal 1.25 kg, sugar 0.5 kg, gypsum 1.5 kg, water 70-75 kg. If cottonseed hull is used as raw material, the formula is: cottonseed hull 50 kg, wheat bran 10-12.5 kg, gypsum powder 1.5 kg, sugar 0.5 kg, water 70-75 kg. The formula of other substitutes can also refer to the above proportion, but the formula of bagasse should add 0.15 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate water, 0.15 kg of urea and 0.1 kg of magnesium sulfate. Stir the above raw and auxiliary materials evenly.

Third, bagging inoculation: use special bags for cultivation of Lentinus edodes sold on the market, polyethylene bags with specifications of 160 × 0.08 mm or polypropylene bags of 155 × 0.04 mm. Bags 50-60 cm long, 60-70 bags for every 50 kg of raw materials. Loading is required to be moderately loose and tight. After packing, fasten the mouth of the bag, and hit 4 inoculation holes with depth and width of 1.5-2 cm on the front of the bag, and seal it with adhesive tape. Then bacteria were cultured at 100 °C for 10-12 hours under atmospheric pressure. After cooling, move into the sterile room, open the tape and insert the mushroom into the mushroom, and re-paste the tape.

4. Indoor bacteria infection: for the first 4 days, the indoor temperature should be kept at 25-28 °C, not more than 30 °C. The suitable relative humidity is 70 °C. After 4 days, the temperature was set to 23-25 °C. After 20 days, lift a corner of the tape on the inoculation mouth to reveal the soybean-sized pores and let the air into the culture material. After 30 days of culture, the mycelium in the bag was thick and white and grew healthily.

Fifth, budding in the field: when the thick white wavy mycelium cloth in the bag accounts for 50% of the whole bag, it is moved to the field mushroom shed for unbagged cultivation, which can be removed after 6 days of inoculation. Cut the bag with a blade to remove the plastic bag, make a mycelium tube, plant it on a mushroom bed under the scaffolding, and cover it with a large plastic film. Do not uncover the membrane in the first 3-5 days, and turn the membrane 2-3 times a day after 6 days to make the mycelium lodge. Under the stimulation of temperature difference, mushrooms can be produced 15-20 days after taking off the bag.

6. management of mushroom production: after mushroom production, the temperature of the mushroom bed is controlled at 10-16 °C, and the air relative humidity is kept at about 90 °C. After the first stubble mushroom harvest, strengthen ventilation, promote mycelium growth, and artificially cause temperature difference between day and night, so that a large number of mushroom buds reappear. After 2-3 stubble, the fungus tube is dry and should be soaked in water for 8-12 hours.

7. Harvest and processing: when Lentinus edodes grows to 7-8 maturity, that is, the edge of the mushroom cover is rolled in, it should be picked and listed. When processing dried mushrooms, use charcoal or coal fire to bake. The initial temperature is 40-50 °C. when the water evaporates, it rises to 60 °C and remains for 1-2 hours, then drops to 40 °C until it is dried.