Foxes and raccoons often get sick during pregnancy and childbirth.

From the estrus mating in spring to now, raccoon raccoons have entered the critical stage of pregnancy and giving birth, and their physiological functions have undergone a series of changes and are extremely sensitive to external stimuli, so the incidence rate is extremely high. Recently, many readers have consulted about this. In this regard, the editor specially invited Professor Hua Shufang of the Special products Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences to introduce the prevention and treatment of common diseases during pregnancy and lactation of foxes and raccoons.

1. What are the manifestations of gastroenteritis during pregnancy and childbirth, and how to prevent and cure them?

Answer: the gastrointestinal functions of foxes and raccoons during pregnancy and childbirth are very sensitive to feed corruption and deterioration, frequent change of feed varieties, foreign bodies mixed in feed or insufficient supply of vitamins, which can lead to inflammation of gastrointestinal mucosa. so that gastrointestinal peristalsis disorder and secretion disorders. Often manifested as diarrhea, or even green loose stool, sometimes vomiting, loss of appetite, and some do not eat.

Prevention and control methods (1) feed should be fresh and do not feed deteriorated feed; feed varieties should be kept relatively stable and should not be changed as much as possible; when feed must be changed, it must be carried out step by step to give the fox raccoon dog a process of accustomed adaptation. In particular, the microbial system in the raccoon dog stomach should play a role in a relatively constant environment, so gradual replacement can not affect its digestive function and prevent disease. (2) Oxytetracycline and oxytetracycline can be taken internally, each with 0.5 grams per day, and intramuscular injection of compound vitamin B2 milliliter, the effect is better. (3) intramuscular injection of ampicillin sodium 0.5 g and compound vitamin B2 ml.

two。 What are the manifestations of vitamin C deficiency and how to prevent and cure it?

Answer: vitamin C deficiency has little effect on the health of the mother, but has a great impact on the normal development of the offspring. Because lack of vitamin C can enhance capillary permeability, make capillary bleeding, affected skin flush, tension, limb edema, joint thickening, foot pad swelling, baby animals scream, cry powerless, crawl difficulty, can not breast-feed, the mortality rate is very high.

Prevention and treatment methods (1) to prevent the disease, the mother animal should be provided with full-price compound feed, which should contain enough vitamins and provide fresh leafy vegetable feed, each of which is 50ml 100g per day. Refined vitamin C30-50mg can also be added to the diet; (2) sick offspring need timely treatment and can be given 3% UV 5% ascorbic acid solution, twice a day, until the symptoms disappear.

3. What performance does vitamin B1 deficiency disease have, how to prevent and cure?

Answer: lack of vitamin B1 can directly endanger the health of mothers and offspring, and can lead to loss of appetite, movement disorders, shaking steps, paleness of mucous membrane, and prone to stillbirth, bad fetus, dystocia, mummified fetus and other phenomena. Newborn baby animals have bleeding on the head, and the mortality rate is higher.

Prevention and treatment methods: (1) Vitamin B1 should be added to the feed during pregnancy, each animal should add 3 mg of vitamin B1 per day, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of the disease; (2) do not feed feed that can destroy vitamin B1 for a long time, such as raw fresh water fish or raw eggs; (3) when pregnant mothers are found to have symptoms of refusing to eat or nervous disorders, compound vitamin B can be injected intramuscularly, 2 milliliters each time, twice a day.

4. What are the manifestations of bronchopneumonia and how to prevent and cure it?

Answer: bronchopneumonia is caused by respiratory microorganisms-pneumococci, streptococci and staphylococci. Due to the excessive cold weather, the small room is not good for keeping warm, which first causes a cold and then develops the disease. It is also caused by hot weather, poor ventilation in the small room, damp and muggy grass. The performance is depressed spirit, dry nose, visible mucous membrane flushing or cyanosis, elevated body temperature, shortness of breath, sometimes cough, dry feces, like to drink water, do not eat. If not treated in time, it can lead to death.

Prevention and treatment methods (1) intramuscular injection of penicillin, adult animals 400000-800000 units, cubs 100000-200000 units, twice a day; can also be mixed with penicillin and streptomycin, 200000-400000 units each, twice a day. (2) before giving birth, the cubicle should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected, and then covered with dry mat grass. When the weather suddenly changes, the bedding grass should be added or the gap in the chamber should be pasted with a piece of paper.

5. What is the pregnancy reaction?

A: foxes and raccoons experience discomfort such as antifeedant and vomiting 20 days after mating, but there are no other pathological changes, so it is not a disease, but a normal reaction. It does not require drug treatment and can heal itself in a few days. However, due to not eating for a long time, malnutrition will occur, which will directly affect the normal growth and development of the fetus, and even interrupt the fetal development. So we must take it seriously from the perspective of protection.

Prevention and control methods (1) in order to restore the appetite of fox raccoons as soon as possible, the feed variety can be adjusted, that is, pregnant mothers can eat whatever they want, and can be fed with hairy chicken, hairy eggs, eggs, milk, beef, liver, etc., so that it can eat some food every day to maintain the uncomfortable reaction that has been tolerated for the past few days. (2) to be treated with stomach-strengthening drugs, you can take Jianwei Xiaoshi tablets internally, 1 tablet each time, twice a day, and intramuscular injection of compound vitamin B at the same time, 2 ml each time, twice a day.

6. Why does miscarriage occur and how to prevent it?

A: abortion is a manifestation of interruption of pregnancy, with the complete or partial disappearance of embryos and the birth of dead preterm fetuses. There are many causes of abortion, such as infectious diseases, chronic diseases, parasites, trauma, poisoning and other factors, but the most important is mistakes in feeding and management. such as long-term malnutrition, feeding feed that has been refrigerated for too long and moldy, lack of vitamins or trace elements, animal farms are not quiet, sudden shock, and so on, can cause abortion.

Prevention and treatment methods (1) intramuscular injection of compound vitamin B2 ml, intramuscular injection of 1% progesterone, 0.3Mel 0.5 ml each time, 2 consecutive injections; (2) intramuscular injection of penicillin, 400000-800000 units each time; or streptomycin, 200000-500000 units each time; sulfonamides can also be injected intramuscularly to prevent secondary septicemia (3) the animal farm should keep quiet and put an end to sudden shock. Non-herd breeders should not enter the pregnant herd area without authorization; feed should be relatively stable, nutrition should be at full price, and quality should be fresh.

7. What are the manifestations of endometritis and how to prevent and cure it?

Answer: Fox, raccoon dog in the mating process, because the vagina or uterus into the foreign body or other infection, causing endometrial inflammation. Generally occurs 15 days after mating, characterized by refusing to eat, dispirited, dry nose, uneasy behavior, often from the vaginal discharge of serous suppurative secretions, sometimes mixed with blood.

Prevention and treatment methods: (1) intramuscular injection of penicillin 400000-800000 units, twice a day; (2) intramuscular injection of 0.25% Novocaine 2 ml, intravenous or subcutaneous injection of calcium chloride 3 ml; (3) cleaning vagina or uterus with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution or 0.3% rivanol solution. Jieryin can also be used to wash and disinfect vagina or uterus. (4) the cage was disinfected with a blowtorch flame before breeding, and the prepuce of the male animal and the vulva of the female animal were scrubbed with 0.1% potassium permanganate or 0.3% rivanol solution to prevent the occurrence of the disease.

8. What about dystocia?

Answer: foxes and raccoons rarely have dystocia under normal feeding and management conditions. Once it occurs, it can be injected intramuscularly with vasopressin 0.5Mel 1ml, and if it can not be produced smoothly after 30 minutes, it can be repeated once, and when it can not be produced after 24 hours, artificial midwifery or caesarean section can be carried out. Artificial midwifery is to wash and disinfect the vulva with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution, then use glycerin or soybean oil as vaginal lubricant, use long mouth sparse teeth hemostatic tweezers, and pull the fetus out with the assistance of fingers. In order to prevent dystocia, the nutrition of feed during pregnancy should be moderate, good reproductive condition should be maintained, and the animal farm should be quiet and not frighten the mother.

9. What symptom does mastitis have, how to prevent and cure?

Answer: mastitis is caused by breast infection, manifested as breast induration, breast swelling, nipple bites, sometimes ruptured, flowing yellow-red pus; sick animals often wander in the playground, do not enter the chamber, refuse to feed, depressed, refuse to eat, the development of young animals is blocked.

Prevention and treatment methods: (1) dilute penicillin or streptomycin 200000-400000 units with 0.25% Novocaine around breast inflammation, multiple injection, block treatment; (2) when local suppuration, wash with 0.1% rivonol, intramuscular injection of penicillin 400000-800000 units (3) to strengthen the care of the mother beast giving birth. When mastitis occurs, massage or warm compress can be applied at the initial stage to discharge the accumulated milk. The trauma around the breast should be found in time, treated in time, and infection should be strictly prevented.

10. How is rectum prolapse treated?

Answer: rectal prolapse often occurs in young animals, mostly due to gastroenteritis, dysentery, acute and severe. It often occurs after defecation, and sometimes it can be retracted by itself, but if it is stimulated for a long time and the mucosa is swollen, it cannot retract by itself.

Prevention and treatment: remove the dirt from the cylindrical curved intestines protruding from the anus with warm water, wash the rectum with 0.1% potassium permanganate, and then use 1% Mur2% Novocaine solution dipped in the wet area to be anesthetized. Start from the end of the prolapse with your fingers, gently press the mucous membrane and push it into the abdominal cavity. After all, bag suture is performed around the anus, leaving a gap that allows feces to pass through. 3When the rectum was no longer prolapsed for 5 days, the suture was removed. The nursing measure here is to treat gastroenteritis and dysentery that cause rectal prolapse. Penicillin 100000-200000 units can be injected intramuscularly to prevent infection.

11. Why do young animals suffer from heatstroke and how to prevent and cure them?

Answer: within 2 weeks of age, the amount of activity is very small. Once you encounter high temperature weather, the temperature in the litter box rises, the air flow is poor, the bedding grass is wet, heatstroke will occur, and the mortality rate is very high.

Prevention and control measures (1) shading measures should be taken for sheds and cages in the litter-bearing area, such as covering the cage box with green firewood and shading the direction of direct sunlight with cloth curtains; (2) supporting the upper cover of the litter box to ventilate and cool down; (3) sprinkling cold water on the site or putting cold water into the trench, self-flow (4) the treatment effect is not ideal, can carry on the symptomatic treatment, can also bleed, but also can spray cold water to the head of the sick animal, and transfer it to a well-ventilated and cool environment.