Key Technical points of Pear Orchard Management in Autumn

1. To strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, it is necessary to strengthen the control of scab, scab, yellow powdery mildew, pear wood lice, shell insects, pear heart borer, pear star caterpillar, aphids and mites. 80% methylol 1000 times liquid, or 20% methyl topiramate 1000 times solution, 40% isocarbophos 1200 times liquid, or 10% Baishu 4000 times liquid can be used. As the autumn field climate is suitable for the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, the harm is frequent, so the frequency of drug use should be increased. According to the harm degree of diseases and insect pests, we should master 1520 days to use medicine once, in order to effectively control the harm.

2. After a large number of fruit in the full fruit period, the branches droop and grow, and it is easy to split in the case of excessive fruit. the pear fruit branches can be tied to the rafters to prevent splitting.

3. Weeding in the middle tillage reduces the consumption of nutrients and water by weeds.

4. Different pear varieties have different maturity, so the pear fruit should be harvested when the seed color turns brown, the peel background color turns yellow or green, the pulp hardness reaches 5.5kg/cm2, and the soluble solids content is more than 10%. The water of the fruits to be stored was controlled about 20 days before harvest, and the fruit surface was sterilized by spraying methyl thiophanate or carbendazim 20 days before harvest. Green harvest and late harvest should be prevented. Green fruits are not fully ripe, small in size, low in yield, poor in quality, not resistant to storage, too late in harvest, not resistant to storage and transportation and increased decay and loss.

5. Before storage, strict selection should be made to get rid of diseases, insect pests and rotten fruits. And pile the fruit in a cool, high and dry place, cover it during the day and open it at night to prevent Rain Water Lin and dew, so as to emit heat and increase the storage effect. It should be ventilated and cooled, fumigated and sterilized before storage in the fruit cellar, and care should be taken to prevent mutual bruising and stalk injury when stacking the fruit. In the early and later stages of storage, the pit door should be opened at night, ventilated and cooled, and in the middle stage, attention should be paid to heat preservation. The storage environment should be controlled as far as possible at the pit temperature of 0 ℃, and the relative air humidity should be 85%, Mel, 90%, and CO2 content should be 5%, 10%.

6. Fertilizer and water management applied base fertilizer in time after harvest, applying organic fertilizer 50-250kg, calcium superphosphate 5-10kg, potassium sulfate 3-5kg, nitrate dumpling 1-2kg per plant according to tree size. After fertilization, the whole garden was ploughed, and the depth was about 30cm. Before freezing after falling leaves, the whole garden is irrigated with overwintering water.

7. Protect leaves and increase tree storage nutrients after fruit harvest, fruit trees enter a period of complete nutrient accumulation. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests and spray fertilizer on the leaves to keep the leaves dark green and improve the ability of leaves to produce photosynthates.