Cultivation techniques of Tea Pear

Collect seeds. When the fruit of tea pear ripens from late October to early November, the berrylike capsule changes from yellowish green to yellowish brown, the upper part is slightly cracked, the aril turns red and the seed kernel is full, it is collected in time. After the fruit is harvested, put it in the ventilated room, air it for 2-3 days, ripen it after it is finished, take it to the outdoor cement floor, trample on the fruit shell, take out the seeds, soak the seeds in clean water for 24 hours, rub off the red aril, float away the empty seeds, fish out and air for thousands of days, sow with picking or moistening the sand for storage, and pay attention to the sand not to be too wet in order to avoid rotten seeds.

Choose the nursery. Nursery land should choose good drainage, convenient irrigation, deep, fertile and humid land. The method of soil preparation is the same as that of conventional seedling cultivation, applying 100 kg of calcium superphosphate, 100 kg of high-quality compound fertilizer, 200 kg of barnyard manure and 5 kg of carbofuran per mu, mixing it well and putting it into the nursery bed.

Sow seeds and raise seedlings. Sowing can be divided into winter sowing and spring sowing. After winter sowing, the seeds are treated, sterilized with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes, then washed with clean water, and then sowed. With picking and sowing, the trouble of seed storage can be reduced, the seed germination rate is high, the seedling emerges early, and the seedling quality is good, but the nursery management takes more labor. Spring sowing is from March to April, and after storage, the seeds can be sowed when some of them break their breasts and spit white, which can come out early and save labor.

Sowing method. Strip sowing is often used, with a distance of 20 cm to 25 cm, a depth of 4 cm to 5 cm, and a layer of yellow soil of 2 cm to 3 cm in the ditch, then sow the seeds evenly into the ditch, cover the seeds with yellow soil, and cover the rice straw to moisturize.

Shade at the right time. Tea pear seedlings like shade and fear sunburn. Under proper sunshade conditions, the seedlings grow rapidly, and the annual seedling height can reach 40cm to 50cm. After the seedlings were unearthed, the temperature began to rise. From the end of April to the beginning of May, a 1.8-meter-high scaffolding with a shading net with a shading of 60% was built to facilitate the growth of the seedlings.

Ploughing and weeding. Tea pears like deep and loose soil, and the nursery should be ploughed and weeded frequently to keep the soil loose. At the same time, we should also pay attention to eliminate water burst and prevent root rot.

Fertilize frequently. Tea pear has well-developed fibrous roots, large leaves and large amount of fertilizer, so it is necessary to apply fertilizer frequently. During the leaf spreading period from May to June, 0.5% urea water should be applied every semimonthly; drought-resistant topdressing in July; seedling growth peak from August to September, human feces and urine should be applied twice; fertilization should be stopped in late September.

Pest control. The diseases are root rot and sunburn, root rot is caused by high temperature and high humidity, the prevention and control method is to eliminate waterlogging, and drench with 1% alum solution, wash the seedlings with clean water after 15 minutes to avoid drug damage. Sunburn should be shaded in time, spray 0.125% topiramate twice at the initial stage of the disease, and the prevention and treatment effect is good. Pests include ground tiger and beetle larvae that harm the ground and underground parts, which can be drenched with 0.125% omethoate, or caught manually in the morning or evening.