Key points of cultivation techniques of medicinal jujube

Medicinal jujube, also known as Cornus officinalis, Cornus officinalis, jujube peel, belongs to the Cornaceae plant, the fruit is used as medicine. Cornus meat has the effect of tonifying yin and strengthening yang, removing phlegm and invigorating stomach, astringent essence and antiperspiration. It has high medicinal value and is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine. Its growth characteristic is that it can grow normally under the environmental condition of 10-30 ℃. Like deep, fertile, moist sandy loam. Now the main points of cultivation techniques are introduced as follows, which can be used as a reference for the majority of introduction growers.

1 after the plot is selected by soil preparation and fertilization, deep ploughing and fine raking is done, and the bed is leveled. A strip sowing ditch with a width of 1.5 meters, a ditch depth of 15 centimeters, a row spacing of 30 centimeters, and a sowing width of about 20 centimeters, in which enough ring fertilizer is applied to sow seeds directly on the base fertilizer.

(2) the seed coat of sowing medicinal jujube seed is hard, the germination is slow and the germination rate is low, so it needs to be treated. The treatment methods include soaking seeds in ① warm soup: soaking seeds in 60 ℃ hot water for 2 days, drying and sowing seeds; ② urine soaking seeds in human urine for 15 days, then sowing them with plant ash; ③ soaking seeds in concentrated sulfuric acid for 1 minute, then rinsing them with clean water before sowing. In late October, the seeds were sown on the base fertilizer in the ditch with a seed spacing of 3-4.5 cm. Shallowly covered with fine soil 3 cm. After sowing, the management of seedling land should be strengthened to prevent people and animals from trampling. The seeds split in May of the second year, but did not emerge. It usually takes a year for seedlings to emerge.

(3) the seedlings of Zizyphus jujuba can be transplanted and planted up to 60 cm. The transplant time is divided into spring and winter. From the Spring Equinox to Qingming in spring, and before and after the Beginning of Winter in winter, the survival rate of transplantation in winter is higher. When planting, the distance between plants is about 2.5 meters, and more than 120 plants can be planted per mu.

(4) it takes about 10 years to harvest medicinal jujube from seed emergence to young branch fruit. If the cultivation, management and growth environment are good, the fruit can be produced 2 ~ 3 years ahead of time. If the age of each branch is less than 10 to 20 years, it can produce about 0.5 kg of fresh fruit every year, and the yield is lower. The average yield of fresh fruit was 10 kg in 20 ~ 50 years old, and 2050 kg fresh fruit in more than 50 years. The ripening period is from September to October. The fresh fruit needs to be processed before it can be processed.