Junzao, a famous jujube in Shanxi
The botanical characteristics of the tree crown are mostly round head-shaped, semi-open, dry, strong and tall. The trunk is grayish brown, the skin is longitudinally cracked, the crack is shallow, and it is easy to peel off. The head branch of jujube is brown-red, with an annual growth of 34ml cm. Internode microcurvature, lenticels protruding, medium to large, gray-white. Jujube stock hypertrophy, black-gray, long conical. Usually draw raw jujube to hang 5, hang 12-21 cm long, bear fruit more parts of 6-l0 node. The number of flowers is medium-dense, each inflorescence has 1-7 single flowers. Jujube hanging has 14 leaves. The leaves are large and thick, ovoid, 4.2ml 6.5 cm long, 2.1mi 3.2 cm wide, apex acute, margin obtuse teeth, base rounded, dark green, petiole 0.20.6 cm long.
The biological characteristics of 30-year-old plants are 0.9 meters in height, 0.75 meters in circumference, 9 meters in height and 7.5 meters in branch extension. The jujube head has strong sprouting power and strong knot strength in that year. Enter the fruiting period early, generally 2-3 years after planting, a large number of results, high and stable yield, long life in the full fruit period. The yield of fresh jujube per 30-year-old plant is 45ml and 70kg. In the producing area of Jiaocheng, it germinated in mid-April, flowered in late May, reached full bloom in mid-June, matured fruit in mid-late September and deciduous leaves in mid-October.
Economic characters large fruit, cylindrical or Obovate, there are "eight a foot, ten a jin" said. The vertical diameter is 4.2 cm, the horizontal diameter is 3.1-3.6 cm, and the size is irregular. The average weight of a single fruit is 22 grams, the maximum weight of a single fruit is 31.5 grams, the fruit surface is smooth, the skin is thin, crimson, and the fruit spot is large and significant. The stem depression is shallow and wide, and the fruit top is slightly concave. The meat is thick, green and white, dense and crisp, sweet, juicy, fresh jujube contains 28.7% sugar, 0.45% acid, and vitamin C contains 430.2 mg per 100 grams of pulp. Dried jujube contains 71.6% sugar and 1.58% acid. The nucleus is large, fusiform, with a longitudinal diameter of 2.3 Mel 3.5 cm and a horizontal diameter of 0.57 Mel 1.2 cm, with an average weight of 0.75 g, and the edible part accounts for 96.5% of the fruit weight. The nuclear surface is rough, the furrow is deep, the apex is long acuminate, the base is long and slightly obtuse, most of them are seedless, and the small fruit is seedless. The drying rate is 40% and 60%. The fruit is of high quality and is one of the four famous dates in Shanxi. Disadvantages: the fruit is easy to crack in case of rain in the mature period.
The key points for cultivation are strong trees, tall trees, fast growth, early fruit, and strong resistance to drought, cold, salt, diseases and insect pests. It is suitable for cultivation in Pingchuan, dry land, edge mountains and hills, beaches and mountainous areas.
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Observation and experiment on introduction of Hongxiangshui Pear
Hongxiangshui pear is a red pear variety bred by Zhengzhou Fruit Tree Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences with Korla fragrant pear as female parent and goose pear as male parent. It was introduced into Luanxian County, Hebei County in 2001. through 6 years of observation, its appearance, quality and economic benefits are better than the local pear varieties. This variety has the advantages of bright appearance, early fruit, high yield and strong adaptability. it is more resistant to pear scab and scab. It is a promising new pear variety with late ripening and storage resistance. The local performance of this variety is introduced as follows. (1) Fruit characters. Fruit long oval, flat.
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Key points of cultivation techniques of medicinal jujube
Medicinal jujube, also known as Cornus officinalis, Cornus officinalis, jujube peel, belongs to the Cornaceae plant, the fruit is used as medicine. Cornus meat has the effect of tonifying yin and strengthening yang, removing phlegm and invigorating stomach, astringent essence and antiperspiration. It has high medicinal value and is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine. Its growth characteristic is that it can grow normally under the environmental condition of 10-30 ℃. Like deep, fertile, moist sandy loam. Now the main points of cultivation techniques are introduced as follows, which can be used as a reference for the majority of introduction growers. 1 after the plot is selected by soil preparation and fertilization, deep ploughing and fine raking is done, and the bed is leveled. The width of the bed is 1.5 meters, the depth of trenching is 15 cm, and the row spacing is 30.
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