Observation and experiment on introduction of Hongxiangshui Pear

Hongxiangshui pear is a red pear variety bred by Zhengzhou Fruit Tree Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences with Korla fragrant pear as female parent and goose pear as male parent. It was introduced into Luanxian County, Hebei County in 2001. through 6 years of observation, its appearance, quality and economic benefits are better than the local pear varieties. This variety has the advantages of bright appearance, early fruit, high yield and strong adaptability. it is more resistant to pear scab and scab. It is a promising new pear variety with late ripening and storage resistance. The local performance of this variety is introduced as follows.

The main results are as follows: (1) the fruit is oval, the average weight of single fruit is 200.0g, the maximum weight of fruit is 498.0g, the background of pericarp is green and yellow, the sunny side is bright red, the surface of fruit is clean, smooth and the fruit spot is big. The fruit has white pulp, delicate flesh, few stone cells, juicy, sweet taste, strong aroma and excellent quality. it can be stored for 2 to 3 months at room temperature.

(2) the growth and fruiting habit is moderate, the germination rate is high, the branching ability is medium, and the branches in the crown are slightly sparse. After the long branch is thrown, it is easy to form flowers, the flower formation rate is high, and it has the habit of axillary flower bud bearing. Early fruiting and high yield, flowers can be seen in the second year after planting, normal fruit in the third year, average plant yield 8kg, average plant yield 25kg in the fourth year, average yield per 667m2, and full fruit stage in the fifth year, the yield per 667m2 is 3000kg.

(3) Red fragrant crisp pears mature in late September, and only when harvested in the mature period can the inherent color, aroma and taste of the varieties be maintained. Early harvest will seriously affect the coloring area and color depth, but also affect the flavor and quality.

(4) the key point of cultivation technique is to increase the number of branches. Young trees should sprout the leaf buds in the middle and lower part of 1-2-year-old branches before germination in early spring to promote them to germinate and grow into middle and long shoots. The buds should be carved at the top of the leaf buds at the 1mm, reaching to the xylem. It can also be smeared on the leaf buds with growth regulators such as Zizhibao and sprouting hormone to promote its germination and growth. The fruit setting rate of Hongxiangshui pear is high, so we should pay attention to thinning flowers and fruit. if it is allowed to set fruit, it will easily lead to more fruit setting, small fruit and low commercial value. Flower thinning was carried out from bud separation stage to falling flower stage, leaving 1 inflorescence per 15~20cm and 2-3 flowers per inflorescence, fruit thinning was carried out 15-25 days after full bloom, deformed fruit, disease and insect fruit were first thinned, and one fruit was left in each inflorescence. By thinning flowers and fruits, reasonable load and strengthening management, the single fruit weight of Hongxiangshui pear can be more than 230g and the fruit shape can be correct.

Because of the small temperature difference between day and night and low altitude, the coloring of red fragrant crisp pear is poor under natural conditions. in order to improve the coloring of red fragrant crisp pear, good ventilation and light transmission should be kept in the crown in management. in the coloring season, measures such as picking leaves, turning fruits, laying reflective film and spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate in July were taken to promote coloring. Otherwise, only the sunny side of the fruit is slightly red. Bagging about 20 days after blooming, transparent plastic bags should be selected, paper bags or no bags are not ideal, the fruit surface is rough and uneven, and the fruit can be picked and stored with bags after ripening.