Long-term fresh-keeping and storage technology of jujube
1. Technical characteristics. Fresh winter jujube can be safely preserved for 6~12 months by using this new technique, and the rotten fruit rate is less than 5%. After storage, the fruit does not change color, deformation, odor, sensory quality can reach 80%~95% of the pre-storage. The preservation rate of vitamin c(vc), the main nutrient component, exceeds 80%, and the preservation rate of water and soluble solids content is not less than 95%. From postharvest storage to@#@136 @#@, without using any chemicals or radiation to treat the fruit, it can provide green fruit with high vc content for consumers all year round.
2. Market demand forecasting. Domestic Chinese, Japanese and Koreans like to eat fresh food, and the potential market is huge. Consumers in these places should be able to pay 20~30 yuan per year to buy 1kg of high-quality fresh dates, the key lies in the quality of fresh dates and the guarantee of stable annual supply.
3. Production requires equipment conditions and cost estimates. The production cost of fresh jujube is 2 yuan/kg; the freezing treatment before storage can rent equipment, 1 degree of electricity can freeze 3~5kg jujube, the treatment cost is 0.5 yuan/kg; the storage needs to use low temperature cold storage, the storage cost for 12 months is 0.5 yuan/kg, the packaging cost is 0.2 yuan/kg; the land cold chain transportation cost is 0.6 yuan/kg, 1000km(the sea transportation cost should be lower); the sales cost is 0.2 yuan/kg. The total cost should be less than 3 yuan/kg.
4. Benefit analysis. According to the current price of 20 yuan/kg of high quality fresh dates in the domestic market, 80~ 1 million yuan is invested to provide annual sales of 100 tons of fresh dates to the market, and the profit is 1 million yuan after deducting the cost; 10 million yuan is invested to produce and sell 1000 tons of fresh dates annually, and the profit is more than 10 million yuan. If fresh jujube can be listed in the south of China and Southeast Asia during the Spring Festival, Qingming Festival and the end of the five festivals, the market will be very good, the price will be higher. After forming scale production, the cost can be reduced and the income can be further improved.
5. Technical application conditions. This technology needs to be used by large-scale industrial group companies or large and medium-sized industrial and commercial enterprises. Technology users should have the ability to produce new products according to market needs, have their own sales network or trade channels, and be able to establish good cooperation relations with fresh dates. The initial capital investment needs about 200 ~ 500,000 yuan, which requires a high level of management and recovery of investment within 3 years.
6. Technical services. After the technology transfer, it can provide patent application materials and technical materials needed for production, help design production process flow and solve practical production problems, participate in market research, product sales planning and publicity work, and continue to research and develop relevant new technologies for production units.
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Control methods of peach spot moth
This insect, also known as apricot star caterpillar, plum moth, commonly known as red belly skin worm, harms the buds, flowers and tender leaves of peach trees with larvae. The damaged peach trees not only lose their yield, but also decline, which can cause the death of the whole tree in serious cases. The insect mainly harms peaches, plums, plums and apricots, as well as pears and persimmons. It is mainly distributed in North China and Northwest China, and has gradually spread in the Yangtze River Basin in recent years. [occurrence regularity] one generation a year. The young larvae overwintered in buds or tree trunk cracks and began to move again at the beginning of March of the following year.
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What are the damage characteristics and living habits of jujube gall midge
Jujube gall mosquitoes are commonly known as curly leaf maggots, jujube maggots, which harm the young leaves of jujube trees with larvae, making the injured leaves curl vertically to the leaves. The curly leaves were purplish red in the early stage and brownish green in the later stage. The injured leaves gradually withered and scorched and fell off. Jujube gall midge produces 5-6 generations every year and overwinters as larvae in the shallow soil under the tree. The larvae began to roll leaves in late April, and the damage reached its peak in early May. The first generation of pupae was in early June and emerged as adults in early June. A large number of larvae occurred in Beijing from May to June, and the damage was the most serious. The larvae matured in about 10 days. Late August
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