Integrated Control Techniques of Ginger Blast

In recent years, ginger plague has occurred widely in ginger producing areas. The disease usually occurs in the middle and late June (after digging seed ginger). The disease mainly occurs in the early stage of death and rot, and occurs until the harvest season. The death rate of light disease reached 30-40%, and the death rate of heavy disease reached 80%, causing serious yield reduction or even no harvest. Ginger blast fungus can overwinter in planting ginger and soil, and spread through running water and underground pests at suitable temperature. Pathogens invade ginger from natural orifices or wounds, causing the ginger tissue to collapse and rot, eventually leading to the death of the whole plant. Therefore, in the same plot of ginger planted year after year, pathogenic bacteria base high, disease heavy. In addition, ginger root system is not developed, like wet but not tolerant to water, potassium but nitrogen, phosphorus less tolerant. Therefore, in the plots with poor drainage, serious ponding and excessive nitrogen application, ginger disease resistance is weak and ginger plague is serious. According to the growth habits of ginger and the characteristics of ginger plague, the following comprehensive measures should be taken to prevent ginger plague.

1. Crop rotation for disease prevention. Select new ginger seeds and strictly implement crop rotation. In mountainous areas and hills, it is advisable to choose newly cultivated slopes or slopes that have not been planted with ginger, and to choose places with higher terrain and convenient irrigation to plant ginger on flat land. In winter, the soil is turned over and frozen, and the soil is cured. At the same time, about 50 kg of hydrated lime is applied per mu to disinfect the soil.

II. Disinfection and disease prevention. Select disease-free ginger, and carry out disinfection treatment on seed ginger. Before germination, ginger seeds should be dried in sunny days for 1-2 days, weak ginger and diseased ginger should be removed, and large and healthy ginger pieces should be left as seed ginger. If seeds are reserved or transferred in the disease area, the ginger seeds should be disinfected. Can choose 1:100 times of formaldehyde (formalin) aqueous solution to soak ginger for about 1 hour, and then take out the ginger spread on the straw mat, covered with plastic film for 6-12 hours; or with "ginger Wenjing" 500 times solution, soak ginger for about 1 hour, remove and drain; can also use agricultural streptomycin 2000 times solution to soak for about 1 hour, and then germinate. In the process of germination of ginger, diseased ginger is found and eliminated immediately.

3. Management of disease prevention. Scientific management of fertilizer and water, improve plant disease resistance. Ginger fertilizer tolerance, potassium fertilizer needs especially much, ginger to apply enough base fertilizer, fertilizer 2-3 tons per mu. Apply more ash and potassium-rich fertilizer. In ginger rhizome expansion period, apply 2-3 times topdressing, at the same time cultivate soil cover stumps, but pay attention not to damage roots. Ginger likes shade and fears the sun. Although it likes moisture and fears drought, it is afraid of stains. Therefore, in rainy season, there should be no ponding in the ditch, and shallow water should be kept in the ditch in dry season to keep the soil moist, but the ginger root system should not be submerged. If in summer, autumn set up 1 meter high shade shed, or in ginger intercropping melon crops, shading cooling, conducive to ginger growth.

4. Early prevention and control. Generally, after the ginger seedlings are complete, they begin to be protected by chemicals, or at the early stage of the disease, the diseased plants are removed and generally treated. Use agricultural streptomycin (50-75 kg water per bag), Yeqingshuang, Diethamine and other chemicals to control the stumps.