Common diseases of miniature pigs and their prevention and treatment

Miniature pigs in China generally belong to the older local extensive breeds, which have the characteristics of strong adaptability, rough feeding tolerance and strong stress resistance. as long as regular vaccination and strengthening feeding management are needed, the occurrence of infectious diseases can be avoided.

Prevention of common infectious diseases

There are not many common infectious diseases in our country, most of them have been controlled, occasionally epidemic, generally adopt culling treatment. As the economic value of treatment is not great, so disease prevention is one of the three key links to do a good job in miniature pig breeding and production. To do well the immunization of several common infectious diseases in pigs is an effective measure to prevent the occurrence of infectious diseases.

Classical swine fever immunity

At present, classical swine fever attenuated vaccine is used in China. In areas where classical swine fever is not prevalent, pigs can be immunized once after delivery or at the age of 60 days. If there is an epidemic situation around, it is best to be immunized twice: that is, the first time is from 20 days to 30 days old, and the second time, adult pigs are immunized once a year in spring and autumn, regardless of whether big or small pigs are injected intramuscularly or subcutaneously each time. In addition, advance immunity can be used: that is, before eating colostrum after birth, pigs should be injected with a shot of classical swine fever vaccine and then eat colostrum 1 hour later, which has a good preventive effect. In the operation, pay attention to the vaccine validity period, manufacturer, production date, etc., the vaccine diluted on the same day to use, the injection dose should be accurate, otherwise can not achieve the desired effect.

Immunity against porcine erysipelas and porcine lung disease

The immune method of porcine erysipelas and porcine lung disease is roughly the same as that of pigs, but the difference is that porcine erysipelas and porcine lung disease must be diluted with aluminum glue saline diluent. The diluent should be shaken and shaken well before inhaling the syringe.

Prevention of red dysentery and white dysentery in pigs

Injecting red dysentery and white dysentery vaccine to pregnant sows can prevent red dysentery and white dysentery in pregnant sows. The first pregnant sows were injected intramuscularly twice and once, that is, the red dysentery vaccine was injected once 45 days and 15 days before delivery, and the yellow dysentery vaccine was injected only once 15 days before delivery. Pregnant sows after parturition can be injected with two kinds of vaccine before pre-delivery.

Paratyphoid immunity of son pig

For healthy pigs over 1 month old, the attenuated vaccine of paratyphoid fever was vaccinated once, and twice in the place where the disease often occurred, that is, once before and after weaning, with an interval of 3 to 4 weeks. Generally, intramuscular injection is used, that is, 20% aluminum hydroxide glue suspension is diluted to 1 ml per head, and the diluted vaccine is injected into the superficial muscle behind the ear. The diluted vaccine is shaken well at any time and is used up in 4 hours.

The common parasitic diseases in the prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases are scabies, ascariasis and cysticercosis. This disease is not uncommon in rural areas; although it is not as ferocious and harmful as infectious diseases, it also has a considerable impact on the benefits of producers. Therefore, attention should be paid to prevention.

(1) newly imported pigs should be carefully examined and reared only when there is no disease. Utensils used by diseased pigs shall not be brought into healthy pig houses for use without disinfection.

(2) the pig house should always be kept dry, the bedding grass should be changed frequently in winter, and the diseased pigs should be treated thoroughly in time. General injection of dermatophyte Ling, but the dose should be strictly controlled, the miniature pig is the dosage of the big pig. In addition, rub the affected area with 1%-2% trichlorfon, once every 3-5 days, and treat it 2-3 times continuously. There will be obvious curative effect after 2 weeks. If it is not thorough, the second course of treatment can still be carried out.

(3) Ascaris lumbricoides is a common parasitic nematode disease caused by Ascaris lumbricoides in the cerebellum of pigs, which mainly affects the growth, fattening and feed utilization of pigs, and even causes pigs to be susceptible to respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza, or even cause illness and death of pigs. Farmers need to carry out deworming twice a year to raise miniature pigs, and the feces discharged within 3 ~ 5 days after administration should be concentrated on fermentation. The dipterex was fed on an empty stomach according to 0.08g ~ 1.0g per kilogram of body weight, and the effect was very significant. if you take too much, pigs will only have side effects such as salivation, vomiting, restlessness and muscle tremor, but they can recover soon. In case of inadvertent poisoning, immediately subcutaneous injection of atropine sulfate 2 mg ~ 5 mg can be saved. In addition, injection of 5% solution of trimethoprim (tetraimidazole) per kilogram of body weight also has a good effect.

Commonly used drugs

Sulfonamides

Generally, it has the characteristics of wide antibacterial range, strong efficacy stability and so on. It is mainly used to treat digestive tract infections, such as sulfamidine (SC) in the treatment of enteritis and pullorum. The oral dose is 0.1g ~ 0.6g per kg body weight, twice a day. For the treatment of traumatic or surgical wounds, sulfonamide can be used externally, which is a good antiseptic and anti-inflammatory agent.

Nitrofuran drugs

Such as anti-dysentery powder has a strong antibacterial effect, used for bacillary dysentery, diarrhea. Take the dosage as prescribed by the doctor.

Antibiotics (also known as antibiotics)

Including penicillin, streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin and broad-spectrum antibiotics. It can prevent the growth of microorganisms and prevent a variety of pig diseases caused by molds and bacteria.

(1) penicillin is commonly used in 800000 units and 1.6 million units in bottles. it can be diluted with distilled water, normal saline or glucose for the treatment of bronchitis, pneumonia, cold and fever or respiratory tract infection. Usage: 200000 ~ 500000 units in young pigs and 500000 ~ 1 million units in adult pigs, and equal dose injection with streptomycin, twice a day. Note: do not dissolve or mix with sulfonamides.

(2) streptomycin is effective for gram-negative bacteria, mainly for the treatment of young animals with white dysentery, paratyphoid, Pasteurella multocida and evergreen streptomycin at the same dose as penicillin.

(3) kanamycin is mainly used for septicemia, urinary tract infection and respiratory tract infection caused by Gram-negative bacteria. it has a good effect on asthma, intramuscular injection once a day, usually 5 days as a course of treatment, as directed by the doctor.

(4) Gentamicin is mainly used for the treatment of paratyphoid fever and white dysentery in pigs. It is generally injected intramuscularly at a dose of 1 ml ~ 2 ml per kilogram of body weight.

Stomach-strengthening and astringent drugs

The main products are pepsin, rhubarb, for gastroenteritis, indigestion and so on. Ravage acid protein, chloramphenicol and so on play the role of convergence and antidiarrheal, the treatment of chronic enteritis, dysentery and so on.

Insect repellent and insecticide

Insecticidal net, trichlorfon, etc., have a good effect on repellent and insecticidal, for scabies diseases, the external concentration is 1%-2%. Trichlorfon scrubbed the affected area for the second time after 2 weeks, which had obvious therapeutic effect.

Commonly used disinfection drugs

(1) 5% Lysol, peracetic acid or sodium hydroxide has strong disinfection power, but is corrosive, and is usually sprayed with 2%-5% aqueous solution for enclosure disinfection, foot-and-mouth disease and other infectious diseases.

(2) 100% 20% lime emulsion, 3% 5% aqueous solution carbonic acid, 1% 20% aqueous solution bleach, used for disinfection of pig pens, sites, dung ditches, transport vehicles, etc.

(3) 0.1% potassium permanganate aqueous solution, 0.05%-0.1% bromogeramine, 1%-0.5% Lysol aqueous solution, 0.1% peracetic acid, used for pig pens, environment, instruments or wounds, wounds, body surface disinfection, etc.