Opinions on the management of cotton incubation period

According to the survey of the city's "7-15", the growth of cotton in our city is fast this year, and the cotton is growing well. The results are as follows: the growth process is fast, the growth is unbalanced, and the area of peach is large. The average plant height of cotton in the city was 88.38 cm, an increase of 2.01 cm over last year, the total number of fruit nodes was 49.80, an increase of 7.77 over last year, the shedding of buds and bolls was 4.39, 0.15 less than last year, and the shedding rate was 8.8 percent, 1.99 percentage points lower than last year. Take peach into the area accounted for 100% of the cotton field area, to achieve all peach into the volt.

While the cotton production situation is very good, there are still the following problems: first, the management of some cotton fields lags behind. About 20% of the cotton fields in the city are not ridged and cultivated. The application area of flower and boll fertilizer is not large, which obviously lags behind the growth process of cotton seedlings this year. Second, the occurrence of diseases and insect pests is relatively serious. According to the investigation, the third generation of cotton bollworm occurred moderately, and the harm of red spiders was rampant. Fusarium wilt, cotton aphid and bug bug also occurred to a certain extent. Third, some cotton fields showed the trend of premature senility.

According to the characteristics of the current cotton seedling situation, the following management measures should be taken at present:

1. Re-apply peach fertilizer to prevent premature senility. Flower and boll fertilizer is the "third hard meal" of cotton, which is related to the high or low yield of cotton. The first is early application: one big peach is applied at an average of 0.5 per plant, and it will be finished before July 25; the second is general application: adhere to block application; the third is re-application: 20 kg of urea and 10 kg of potash fertilizer per mu; deep application is adopted by point application or ditch application to improve fertilizer efficiency. Before August 10, due to the appropriate application of top fertilizer to seedlings, urea was applied to 10 kg per mu.

2. Seize the opportunity to prevent diseases and insect pests. There are many insect pests in the flower and boll stage, the number is large, and the damage is serious. The main pests are cotton bollworm, red bollworm, red spider, aphid, bug bug, and so on. All localities should strengthen prediction and meticulous organization of prevention and control campaigns. Focus on the control of the third and fourth generations of cotton bollworm, as well as red bollworm. Pick and cure red spiders and aphids. At the same time, combined with pruning, topping, touching superfluous buds to pick eggs and catch insects.

3. Hit the top early and adjust rationally. This year, cotton grows earlier and has many fruit branches, so it can be topped early as appropriate. From the end of July to the beginning of August, cotton seedlings topped with 22 layers of fruit branches. Combined with topping, sub-pruning, leafing, thoroughly picking bystander, touching superfluous buds, concentrated nutrition to attack big peaches, ventilation and light less rotten peaches. For the first-and second-class cotton fields, spray 3.5 grams of promethamine 3 with 45 kg water per mu to control the prosperous growth and promote stable growth; for the three types of cotton fields with poor growth, combined with foliar spraying fertilizer, spraying "802" and other plant growth promoters to promote fast construction. Chemical reshaping was carried out with 45 kg of water and 5 grams of protamine for 7 days after topping.

4. Rush to harvest the crops in the room and clear the line in time. All localities should seize the time to harvest watermelons, melons and soybeans interplanted in cotton fields in a timely manner. Achieve quick harvest and clear the line.

5. Fight drought and drainage to ensure a bumper harvest. Drought in summer and autumn can easily lead to a large number of bud and boll shedding and premature senescence of cotton plants. Drought resistance standard: no rain for 10 consecutive days; field capacity less than 60%; 4 real leaves at the top of the cotton plant wilted at noon, showing dark green, and could not return to normal at 3-4 pm. Drought resistance methods: early and evening trickle irrigation and water-carrying irrigation, timely ploughing and loosening soil to preserve soil moisture after irrigation. In case of heavy rain, clear ditches and discharge stains in time to ensure the normal growth of cotton plants.