Harvesting and seed treatment techniques of Schisandra chinensis

The seeds of Schisandra chinensis have the characteristics of dormancy, the seed coat is hard and smooth, and the oil layer under the skin is not permeable and breathable; the naturally mature seeds have fine embryos and post-ripening characteristics. The longevity of the seeds without pulp is shorter, generally stored dry at room temperature for 2 months, the seed vigor decreases, and the shrunken rate of wild seeds is usually very high. there are two common colors of mature seeds, one is dark red, one is dark red, and the other is orange-red, which is easy to germinate.

Schisandra chinensis generally enters the coloring period in late July, and the sugar pigment in the fruit increases with the fruit ripening, but decreases in the later stage, the pericarp is thin, the backlog is not tolerant, and the fruit is easy to fall off, so the best harvest time is from the end of August to the middle of September. At this time, the various components in the fruit tend to be stable.

The harvested seeds are separated from the pulp and seeds by a seed extruder in time; the extruded fruit juice is the raw material of good Schisandra chinensis beverage and Schisandra chinensis wine; after mechanical separation, the seeds are washed with clean water, rinse the shrunken grains and let them dry in a cool place, it is best to control the water for 2 days, then mix sand at 1:3 with sterilized river sand. The dried seeds are usually soaked in the middle and last ten days of December, then mixed with sand, and the temperature is controlled between 0 °- 5 ℃.

In the north, there are many ways for seeds to overwintering, such as cellar, box storage, frozen storage and so on. The low temperature stratification treatment time of seeds is about 80ml for 90 days.

In the early stage of Schisandra chinensis seed breeding, we should pay attention to the safe storage of seeds, prevent excessive high temperature and moisture, and pay attention to the ventilation in the storage room: in the middle stage, the seeds should be treated at low temperature or stratification in time. Schisandra chinensis seeds are of deep dormancy type and are easy to lose their germination ability. the main reason for dormancy is that the embryo is not fully differentiated and the morphological development is not mature, so it needs to be stored under the condition of 8 ℃-15 ℃ during storage. The differentiation time of embryos is generally about 30 days. In the later stage, the low temperature storage time is generally about 60 days, and the whole process takes 80 ℃ 90 days. Before Cui bud, the seeds should be treated with variable temperature in time-10 ℃-15 ℃, continuous temperature treatment for 4 times, and the temperature change time between 10 ℃-12 ℃ should be long, usually about 15 days. In this way, under the condition of 20 ℃-25 ℃, the germination rate of Cui bud is higher, generally Cui bud about 10 days, most of the seeds split and expose the radicle. The seeds can be sown.