Plastic surgery of Schisandra chinensis

The branches of Schisandra chinensis are soft and can not stand upright, so they need to be attached to the support and grow upward. Therefore, its plastic work includes two tasks: setting support and pruning.

(1) setting up supports

There is a great difference in the annual growth of Schisandra chinensis. Under the condition of poor seedling quality and poor management, the plant height can only reach 50-60 cm, but after stubble pruning, the average growth height can reach more than 150 cm in the second year. The third year can be covered with shelf surface. Therefore, support can generally be set up in the spring of the following year (early and mid-May). The support can be made of frame rod and sunscreen polyethylene rope, and the frame rod is often selected as bamboo pole, which is 2.0 to 2.2 meters long and 1.5 to 2.0 centimeters in diameter; the thickness of 3 × 15 wires is suitable for sunscreen polyethylene rope, and the upper end is fixed on the first railway line above. According to the plant distance of 1 to 2 per plant, one can be set up for each plant when the plant distance is less than 50 cm, which can be placed about 5 cm next to the plant; when it is greater than 50 cm, two roots per plant are evenly inserted or fixed on both sides of the plant, and the human-soil part of the bamboo pole is best coated with asphalt to prolong the service life, and the frame rod is fixed on three lines with thin wire. In the Schisandra chinensis orchard where the seedling quality and management are good, the growth height of the plant can reach about 2 meters in the same year. Therefore, support should be set up in late May of the planting year to facilitate the rapid growth of the plant.

(2) plastic surgery

The purpose of Schisandra chinensis plastic surgery is to make it grow and develop according to the requirements of growers through human intervention and induction, so as to make full use of shelf space, make effective use of light energy, retain branches and vines reasonably, and adjust the relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth. cultivate strong and long-lived plants to adapt to climatic conditions and facilitate farming, pest control, pruning and harvesting In order to achieve the goal of high yield, stable yield and high quality.

The tree shape commonly used by Schisandra chinensis is the pruning method of one or two groups of main vines, that is, one or two groups of main vines are selected for each tree, which are wound on the support which is uniformly set up. There are two fixed main vines on each support, and there are lateral vines and fruiting mother branches on each support. The distance between each fruiting mother branch is 15cm and 20cm, which is evenly distributed, and the fruiting branch and vegetative branch are planted on the female branch, as shown in figure 534. The advantages of this shaping method are that the tree structure is relatively simple, the shaping and pruning technology is easy to master; tillage can be carried out between plants and rows, which is easy to control weeds; the plant volume and load are small, and the requirements for soil, fertilizer and water conditions are not strict. However, because the plant is more upright, it is easy to form the situation that the upper part is strong and the lower part is weak, and the fruiting part moves up, so it is necessary to strengthen the control.

It takes three years for each tree to form a tree. In the process of plastic surgery, special attention should be paid to the selection and retention of the main vine, and branches with strong growth potential, full growth and full bud eyes should be selected as the main vine. It is necessary to strictly control the number of main vines in each group, too many main vines will cause tree weakness, branch group retention confusion and other adverse consequences.