Shaping and pruning methods of Schisandra chinensis

The principles of shaping and pruning are: keep strong main vines to ensure rational use of space; remove old and leave few; keep medium and long branches, remove short branches and basal branches; remove weak, overdense and senescent branches.

(1), fixed stem: after transplanting to fixed stem, fixed stem standard is: select 2-3 full buds, 3-5cm away from the ground diameter except short. The drying time is in the spring of the following year, after the snow melts, before the plant sprouts. After the plant germinates, leave 2 strong vines, no more than 3. After drying, use 2 strands of acrylic wool, one end and tie on a strip about 10cm long, insert the strip into the soil near the base of the schisandra seedlings and fix it, and the other end is tied on the iron wire on the frame surface. The binding interval should be even.

(2). Shaping: The tree shape adopted by schisandra chinensis is the way of pruning without trunk shape, that is, each plant retains 2 fixed main vines, on which there are side vines, fruiting mother branches, fruiting branches and vegetative branches. It takes 3 years for each tree to form a tree shape. In the process of shaping, special attention should be paid to the selection and retention of main vines, and branches with strong growth potential, full growth and full bud eyes should be selected as main vines. The number of main vines should be strictly controlled. Excessive number of main vines will cause tree weakness and branch group retention chaos.

(3), pruning

Schisandra branches spring, summer, autumn, four seasons can be pruned.

Spring pruning is usually carried out before the shoots sprout. Cut off over-dense fruit branches and dead branches, and the branches after cutting are moderately dense and do not interfere with each other.

Summer shearing is generally carried out from mid-May to mid-August. Mainly cut off the basal branches, bore branches, overlapping branches, pest branches and so on. At the same time, over-dense new shoots also need to be thinned or truncated. Summer shearing goes well, autumn with light or no shearing.

Autumn pruning is carried out after defoliation. It mainly cuts off the basal branches after summer pruning.

No matter when pruning, should choose to leave 2 - 3 vegetative branches, as the main branch, and lead vines on the shelf.

Winter pruning Winter cultivation is also called dormancy pruning, which is carried out once per developmental cycle. The pruning period of schisandra chinensis is longer in winter, and it can be pruned from 2~3 weeks after dormancy to one month before bleeding in the second year. Pruning is generally calculated from the obvious bud eye at the base of the new shoot, leaving 1~4 buds for short shoot pruning, 1~2 buds or only leaving the base bud for ultra-short shoot pruning; leaving 5~7 buds for medium shoot pruning, 8 buds for long shoot pruning, and 15 buds for long shoot pruning. Chinese magnoliavine is given priority to in long shoot pruning, on the same tree also need to carry on long, medium, short shoot coordination pruning according to the situation; when pruning, cut mouth leaves bud eye 2 centimeters or so, leave branch inside the frame surface 30 centimeters from the ground. Before the branches are not covered with the frame surface, only the immature parts of the main vine extension branches are cut off; the pruning of the side vines is mainly medium and long branches, with a spacing of 15~20 cm. The leaf clusters can be moderately thinned or not cut. Short and ultra-short shoots can also be pruned in order to promote the germination of basal buds and facilitate the cultivation of preparatory shoots. The medium and long branches cut in the previous year should be retracted in time; in order to appropriately increase the number of buds left, the fruiting group can be cut, that is, two or more fruiting branches are cut at the same position on the lateral branches. The extension of the previous year due to excessive fruit, should be healthy branches for renewal. The medium and long branches should be retracted in time, and only one leaf clump or medium and long branch should be reserved at the base. Therefore, when pruning, the important part of the lower fruit should be reserved, and most nodes on it are easy to form leaf clump. The extended branch of the previous year is also an important part of the fruit. Most of its nodes are also easy to form leaf clusters, so when pruning, it is necessary to find replacement branches in the lower part for renewal. When a main vine is found to be senescent or its position is moved upward and its lower part is bare, the healthy sprouts from the base of the plant should be retained as new main vines and the old vines removed. After the plant enters the mature age, there are often large and well-developed basal buds at the intersection of the main and lateral branches. Most of these buds can produce very strong branches, which create good conditions for the renewal of lateral branches and should be used.

It is advisable to keep 8-15 medium and long branches per plant of schisandra chinensis, and fix the branches evenly on the frame surface (support or iron wire), so as to maintain the high yield tree shape.