High-yield cultivation measures of Schisandra chinensis

In order to achieve high yield and high efficiency in the artificial cultivation of Schisandra chinensis, we must first grasp three links: first, we must select, purify and improve the varieties; second, we must go through a process of domestication and adaptation; third, strengthen pruning to regulate and control the tree potential, and the three complement each other.

As early as 20 years ago, many farmers in our county tried to cultivate Schisandra chinensis, but failed in the end. The improved variety breeding base of Schisandra chinensis in Kuandian County began to carry out experiments in 1985, but it was not successful in the first two times. In 1993, they summed up the reasons for their two failures and resumed their key experiments. According to the law of cross (inbreeding) among fine varieties (lines) of grape, pear and other fruit trees, the wild Schisandra chinensis was first selected, purified and domesticated. The main method is to select a piece of wild Schisandra chinensis on the mountain, and when the fruit is ripe, the plants with long, neat, large, compact, uniform and good comprehensive characters are selected as parent trees for breeding, while all other inferior plants are eradicated. The excellent seeds were selected by means of cross-pollination and cross-pollination to the retained parent trees during the flowering period of the next year. The second step is to cultivate seedlings from the seeds obtained in the open air, then plant them directly in the flat ground, and train them in the open air under the condition of full light, so that they can gradually adapt to the high temperature and drought environment. After fruiting, the tree harvested its seeds and raised seedlings for the new commercial garden in a large area. The excellent varieties cultivated by this method have significantly enhanced stress resistance, did not wilt even in high temperature and drought weather, and grew as usual without rain for half a month. Third, pay attention to pruning. The trunk was cut off at the low position while the seedlings were planted, so as to force the seedlings to sprout 4 main vines from the base as soon as possible. Since then, in line with the principle of "long release" and "short cut", cut as lightly as possible, so that the branches can quickly cover the shelf surface, expand the fruiting branch group, and reduce the fruiting part.

In addition to the above three key measures, they also took appropriate close planting, tree plate covering grass, flowering boron application, artificial pollination and other auxiliary measures, and achieved very obvious results. It is estimated that the yield per mu of 5-year-old fruit garden (667 square meters) is 225 kg, and the yield per mu of 6-7-year-old is stable at 240 kg, which is 4 times higher than that of the wild variety 3muri.