High-yield cultivation techniques of Schisandra chinensis

I. Propagation technology

At present, seed reproduction is mainly used in artificial cultivation. Because the seed coat of the seed is hard and smooth and there is an oil layer, the water permeability is not strong, and it is not easy to emerge without treatment, so after fruit harvest, the big fruit should be soaked in water for 3 days and 4 days, then remove the pulp, rinse clean, remove the chaff, thin grains and sundries, dry the surface moisture, and then stratify or mix with the wet and clean river sand for storage, but pay attention to the humidity of the river sand should not be too high. After spring, check frequently to prevent mildew and rot. It is generally stored until April, when the radicle of the seed is exposed, it can be taken out and sown. Using strip sowing, strip distance 15cm, sowing ditch depth about 3cm. The sowing amount per hectare is about 75kg. After sowing, cover the soil with 2cm~2.5cm, cover the grass and water it to prevent drought. Seedlings can emerge one after another 20-30 days after sowing. When 1x3 seedlings are unearthed, the cover grass should be removed in batches, a simple shade shed should be set up at the same time, and the management of topdressing, watering and loosening soil should be carried out properly.

II. Colonization

Most of the fixed seedlings are 2-year-old seedlings, and the height of the seedlings is more than 1m and the basal stem is more than 0.7m. It can be planted in autumn, winter or early spring. The planting density is often determined by the type of support. Generally, the row spacing is 0.4 m × 0.7 m for hedgerows and without support, 0.5 m × 1 m for artificial stents, and 3 m × 3 m for natural stents.

III. Upbringing and management

Schisandra chinensis is a fertilizer-loving plant, in addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer before planting, organic fertilizer and appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should also be applied once every spring before its vigorous growth, so as to promote its normal growth, blossom and fruiting, and fertilize and cultivate the soil again before winter. The sprouting power of adventitious buds of Schisandra chinensis is strong. In order to reduce the consumption of nutrients, proper pruning should be carried out in winter dormancy, so as to facilitate ventilation and light transmission, increase yield and improve fruit yield and quality.

Schisandra chinensis sometimes occurs leaf blight from June to July. It can be sprayed with 1 ∶ 1 ∶ Bordeaux solution once a week for 3 times before or at the initial stage of the disease. If you see the damage caused by leaf rollers, you can use 50% phoxim EC 500x or 50% phoxim EC 1500 times to spray.

IV. Harvest, processing and utilization

The initial fruit stage of Schisandra chinensis is early, generally 1-2 years after planting, and 4-5 years into the full fruit period. When the fruit is purplish red around October, pick it on a sunny day so that it can be dried in time to ensure its quality. If you encounter cloudy and rainy days after harvest, you should spread it out in time to dry or heat it up slightly to prevent mildew and deterioration. After drying, sift out the impurities, put it in a moistureproof container and store it in a dry place for storage. The commodity quality of Schisandra chinensis is purple-red pericarp, large grain, thick meat, oily and good luster.