Cultivation Techniques of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis on Flat Land

Schisandra chinensis is a kind of multi-functional, multi-purpose and efficient wild economic plant. Its fruit is a famous traditional Chinese medicine both at home and abroad, which has the effects of benefiting qi, nourishing kidney, collecting lungs, astringent essence, giving birth to fluid, relieving thirst, improving intelligence and calming the mind. It is mainly used to treat lung deficiency, wheezing cough, spontaneous sweating, night sweating, chronic diarrhea, dysentery, spermatorrhea, neurasthenia, forgetfulness, palpitation, insomnia, weakness of limbs, acute and chronic hepatitis, vision loss and other diseases. it can also do Schisandra wine, Schisandra beverage, Schisandra tea, Schisandra honey and other health food; its stem, root, flower buds have a strong aroma, can make seasoning; its young leaves are delicious wild vegetables. Schisandra chinensis in our province has always been well-sold with authentic medicinal materials at home and abroad. In recent years, the area of wild artificial cultivation has been expanding. Zhu Yulin of Sunke Farm and other farmer friends want to learn the cultivation techniques of Schisandra chinensis. We specially selected and compiled this manuscript, hoping to be helpful to farmers who want to grow Schisandra chinensis.

Raising seedlings

It is best to adopt domesticated and optimized seeds for seedling raising and transplanting, which has the advantages of uniform full grains, high germination rate, strong seedlings, early fruit and high yield.

Seed treatment: Schisandra chinensis seeds have post-ripening dormancy period, and the seed coat is hard, there is a grease layer under the skin, dry seed direct seeding is not easy to emerge, sand storage, freezing, medicament and variable temperature treatment must be carried out. When the fruits are fully ripe and purplish red in October, the fresh fruits with large ears, tight and uniform grains are selected on the shelf to soak and rub off the pulp with clean water, bleach the blighted grains, and fish them out to dry. Soak the seeds with 250 mg / L gibberellin or 1% copper sulfate for 24 hours. Mix 2 to 3 times as much wet sand and place it in a cool place and turn it every half a month. When freezing outside, choose the leeward to dig an 80 cm deep pit, put the seeds mixed with wet sand into sacks and bury them in the pit for freezing. After thawing in the second year, the seeds were dug up and placed at a temperature of 20: 25 ℃ to accelerate germination. The best sowing time is when 70% of the seeds are cracked and the radicle shows a small white spot.

Sowing: you can sow seeds after Qingming Festival. Choose places with loose and fertile soil and flat terrain with irrigation conditions. Combined with deep turning and applying appropriate amount of farm manure. Make a 1.2-meter-wide flat bed in the north-south direction, press the row spacing of 15-20 cm, and gently suppress it. Cover the border with straw or straw to keep it moist.

Seedling management: first, shading, Schisandra seedlings are afraid of the sun. Therefore, when the emergence rate reaches 70%, the cover should be removed, and the shade should be built immediately, with a light transmittance of 50%. When the seedlings grow 5-6 true leaves, remove the shade. The second is watering, loosening the soil and topdressing. We should often water it in case of drought. Loosen the soil and weed in time after watering. Topdressing should be applied twice at the seedling stage, the first time when the shade shed was removed, the urea was applied to accelerate the seedling per mu, and the second time, when the plant height was 10 cm, the compound fertilizer was applied to 12kg / mu. When the seedling has 3 leaves and 4 leaves, press 5 cm to 6 cm.

Transplant

Land selection: Schisandra chinensis is not strict on land. In addition to too waterlogged, barren, sticky land is not suitable, other types of land, including sloping land, flat land, wasteland, gully land, forest and so on can be planted. In contrast, flat-buried fields are more convenient for fertilization, watering and management, and the yield is higher. Wherever fruit trees can be planted, especially where grapes are planted, they are suitable for planting Schisandra chinensis, and fruit trees and grape racks can also be used as supports for Schisandra chinensis.

Seedling selection: seedlings propagated with seeds can be transplanted in late autumn or early spring of the next year. The root system of one-year-old seedling is short, the transplanting is easy, the slow seedling is light, and the survival rate is high.