Measures to prevent the difficulty of mushroom production from bag material

In recent years, the "Xixia model" of cultivating flower mushrooms with plastic frame as the main body of Lentinus edodes with bag material has become a model of moving south mushrooms to the north in China and blossomed all over the country. However, due to the temperature difference in the regional climate and the fact that the mushroom farmers in the newly developed areas know little about the variety types and characteristics of Lentinus edodes, the medium temperature types of Lentinus edodes were used in cultivation, such as 135jiao 241pm 939line L26, or the same type of bacteria, which could not produce mushrooms normally in the low temperature season. if it is light, the yield will be reduced, and the heavy will lose money. The management measures to prevent the difficulty of mushroom emergence of Lentinus edodes with bag material are introduced as follows.

1. Select the suitable strains if the temperature is about 15 ℃ in winter, choose the low temperature strains with 5-18 ℃, such as 193,135,7410 (Rinong leaves) and 8-22 ℃ with a wide temperature range, such as 925,938, Zhongxing 8 and so on. If there is no choice of conditions, the use of medium-temperature bacteria, take the following measures, you can successfully produce mushrooms.

2. The moisture content of the culture material for controlling the moisture content of the bacterial stick is 50% 55%. That is to say, according to the ratio of dry material to water, the ratio of fresh sawdust to water and fresh sawdust to water is 1.0 / 0.8 and 0.5 / 0.7, respectively. The moisture content of culture materials with a material-to-water ratio of 1RU 1.2 is more than 55%.

The formula for calculating the moisture content of culture material is as follows: culture material + water = total culture material, self-moisture content of culture material (generally, the moisture content of culture material is about 3-18% after drying) + water = total water, total water / total culture material = moisture content%. For example, if the 100 kg raw material with a moisture content of 15% is added to 90 kg of water and replaced by the above formula, the moisture content of 55.26% can be obtained. The water content is less than 45%, the mycelium growth is slow, the water content is higher than 65%, and the mycelium growth is stagnant.

3. After the dehydrated color-changing rod is full of bacteria, move it into the mushroom shed and use a screwdriver with a diameter of 5-8 mm to pierce 4 rows of 10-15 holes in each row, with a hole depth of 1/2 in diameter. After promoting the mycelium to differentiate into the culture material, the accumulated water volatilizes appropriately, and provides a "porous" condition for the automatic outflow of the yellowish-brown liquid secreted during the color conversion process, so as to prevent the color conversion skin from being too thick or damaging the stick due to stagnant water. Among them, the over-summer bacteria stick can change color in the natural temperature, and the color change management temperature of the summer and autumn cultivation bag is 15-26 ℃, and the best is 18-22 ℃. In the color-changing stage, the bacterial stick is turned every 6-10 days to promote the outflow of stagnant water inside the bacterial stick.

4. Ventilation the sun fence around the mushroom shed and the opposite side of the mushroom shed leave about 1 meter of ventilation along the side of the mushroom shed. Every day, the air vents are opened to the place where the mushroom shed is back to the sun, to the northwest in the morning and to the southeast in the afternoon, which is conducive to ventilation. Prevent the accumulation of temperature and burning bags in the shed, or long-term dampness affecting the discharge of moisture, let the bacterial stick volatilize water in the summer under ventilated conditions, and remove 20-30% of the weight of cultivation, which is conducive to the dry-wet difference to promote and control the emergence of mushrooms.

5. Before comprehensive budding rods are used to promote mushrooms, the method of "dehydration and color conversion" is used to select two rows of piercings on one side of the rods, soak in water for 2-3 hours, and 4-12 hours after the second tide. After soaking in water, it was tightly wrapped with greenhouse film, and the temperature was increased in sunlight to reach 32 ℃ for 2-4 hours. After being stimulated by 8-12 ℃ at night for 2-3 hours, the mushroom could be produced after 15-24 ℃ fumigation for 2-3 days. Or put the soaked bacterial sticks in the upper three floors of the mushroom shed and use sunlight or underground fire channels and mushroom rearing machines to increase the temperature, and the management is the same as above. However, it is not as fast and smooth as the former, but it is more labor-saving than the former.

6. Heating and promoting buds in the low temperature season, using the method of "comprehensive budding", the bacteria sticks are discharged into the room with two layers vertically, covered strictly with greenhouse film, heated by adding a kettle under the greenhouse film, and kept at a temperature of 20-26 ℃. Mushrooms can be produced in 2-4 days.

The rods after mushroom production are selected and put into the mushroom shed once a day, the temperature in the shed is kept above 8 ℃, the spray temperature is kept at about 80%, the buds are cut and fixed, and the mushroom production management is carried out.