Three-dimensional cultivation technique of Lentinus edodes in small shed and large bag

Lentinus edodes is of good quality and is formed by the bag material of Lentinus edodes in a special environment. Lentinus edodes has higher nutritional and commercial value than Lentinus edodes, so it is called Lentinus edodes.

Lentinus edodes is a treasure of edible mushroom series. High protein, low fat, it contains more than a dozen amino acids and a variety of nutrients needed by the human body, good taste, delicious taste, no pollution, but also can prevent and treat a variety of diseases, and has a high anti-disease effect, known as anti-cancer recruits, the international market, supply exceeds demand.

Lentinus edodes can be sold fresh or dried and stored, which is very beneficial to both export and domestic sales. The whole growing period is 8 months, and it is the idle season, with less investment, quick results, short cycle and stable market. At the same time, it has also found a way for workers and social idle workers to fill the gap in the idle season for farmers. It has a broad prospect and is suitable for popularization.

I. Environmental conditions for the growth and development of Lentinus edodes

1. Growth, development and nutrition

⑴ carbon source: carbon source is not only the most important nutrition of Lentinus edodes, but also the energy needed for the life activities of Lentinus edodes. In the production of Lentinus edodes, carbon source mainly comes from a variety of plant raw materials, such as sawdust cottonseed shell, corncob, bean stalk and so on.

⑵ nitrogen source: nitrogen source is the main raw material for the synthesis of proteins, nucleic acids, enzymes and cytoplasm of Lentinus edodes cells. Organic nitrogen sources are commonly used in production, such as soybean cake powder, soybean powder, wheat bran, rice bran, potato and other nitrogen compounds.

⑶ moisture: the moisture requirements of Lentinus edodes are different at different stages of development. The suitable water content for mycelial growth of artificially prepared Lentinus edodes culture material is 55%.

⑷ pH (pH): the suitable pH for the growth of Lentinus edodes is between 3Mel 7, pH is 4.5 Mel 6, pH is 5.0Mel 5.5, when pH > 7, the growth is hindered, when pH > 9, the growth almost stops.

2. The required external environmental conditions

⑴ temperature: the temperature range of mycelial growth of Lentinus edodes is wide, the suitable temperature is 35 ℃, the suitable temperature is 18 ℃, but the optimum temperature is 23 ℃ 25 ℃.

⑵ humidity: seed development stage, it is appropriate to control at 80%; during the mushroom production period, more than 90%, the water content of the mushroom cover increases. If less than 70%, the seed growth is slow, when it is less than 50%, the mushroom will stop, and the differentiated buds will become dehydrated and wither.

⑶ air: enough fresh air is the main living condition for the normal development of Lentinus edodes. Excessive accumulation of carbon dioxide, when the concentration reaches more than 0.1%, has a toxic effect on the fruit body, Lentinus edodes has a long stalk, umbrella opening phenomenon.

Second, the cultivation season and site facilities of Lentinus edodes. There are two kinds of bag inoculation seasons for bag cultivation of Lentinus edodes: spring and autumn. in addition to the common sterilization, bag mixing and inoculation equipment, bag cultivation of Lentinus edodes is generally indoor and outdoor, and the bacteria room is generally used in private houses. it can be used with a little dressing and disinfection.

3. The technology of three-dimensional cultivation of Lentinus edodes in small shed and large bag

1. Three major characteristics. Small shed, big bag, three-dimensional. Small: the mushroom shed is only 1215 square meters, which is easy to keep warm, heat up and manage. Large bags: 25cm wide, 55cm long, 4 wire plastic bags thick, each containing 2 kg of dry material. This kind of material bag is easy to moisturize and rich in nutrition. Three-dimensional: put the bacterial bag on the 6-story shelf, making full use of the space, but also conducive to the cultivation of flower mushrooms.

2. Four combinations. That is, a ton of whole material, a stove sterilization, a bacteria room, a mushroom shed. One ton of whole material is one ton of broad-leaved tree sawdust, plus wheat bran, gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and so on. A mushroom shed is set up in the ventilated place of Xiangyang, which is equipped with a six-layer bed frame and can hold about 500 bacterial bags.

3. Second stage management. It refers to the two stages of indoor bacteria and mushroom production in the mushroom shed.

4. Inoculation period. The best inoculation period is from August 20 to September 30, and the highest temperature is not more than 28 ℃. If the inoculation is as late as October, if the inoculation is postponed for 10 days, the mushroom emergence period will be delayed by one month.

5. Mycelial growth period. The best season for mushroom growth is from September to the first ten days of November after inoculation, which usually takes 60 minutes and 70 days to fill the bag.

6. Mushroom stage. As long as the color of the mycelium changes to normal in time, mushrooms can be produced in late November. 3 stubbles of Lentinus edodes can be harvested before the Spring Festival, 1 crop of mushrooms and 2 crops of thick or thin mushrooms can be harvested after the Spring Festival.

The technology of three-dimensional cultivation of Lentinus edodes in small shed and large bag takes about 9 months from inoculation to harvest.

7. Raise bacteria and replenish water during the intermittent period of mushroom production. Lentinus edodes cultivated in large bags can not only cultivate flower mushrooms, but also harvest about 5 crops. Therefore, after picking a crop, it is necessary to restore the mycelium for a period of time to make its growth and accumulation of nutrients, in order to continue to produce mushrooms, called culture bacteria. At this time, the temperature of 24 ℃ can be maintained to allow the mycelium to grow rapidly, which usually takes 10 days and up to half a month for the elderly.

If the bacteria bag loses too much water after the first harvest, water should be replenished when the water content is less than 40%. The methods of replenishing water are as follows: immersion tank, which generally takes about 24 hours in winter, pressurized water injector, negative pressure water replenishing device, and watering. No matter which method is used, the amount of water replenishment should be appropriate, neither too much nor too little, and the water content of the bacterial bag should be about 55%.