Cultivation techniques of bonsai chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemum, also known as Shouke, is a plant of the genus Chrysanthemum of Compositae. Chrysanthemum is elegant and elegant, beautiful in shape and colorful. People regard chrysanthemum as an ornamental plant. The cultivation has developed from outdoor open field cultivation to pot cultivation, and other plants can be used as rootstocks to graft chrysanthemum. The cultivation of bonsai chrysanthemum is more accepted by people, and the main points of cultivation are introduced as follows:

First, the selection, cultivation and shaping of rootstocks. Using annual Artemisia annua as rootstock is characterized by fine branches and long root life, which is suitable for grafting small chrysanthemum. Artemisia annua seedlings were dug in the field in the middle and late April, and the root system was kept intact. Dig back on the 16 cm basin, pour water thoroughly, properly shade, and then spray water 1-2 times a day with a fine spray can. After slowing down the seedlings, when the leaves of Artemisia seed are covered with the basin, change it to a 23 cm basin and pay attention to applying sufficient base fertilizer. When Artemisia seed grows to 25 cm and has certain lateral branches, it can be shaped by natural shaping, placing the flowerpot upside down, making use of the phototaxis of Artemisia seed to bend it naturally, and copper wire binding method, which is trapped in water before binding Artemisia seed to make the branches soft. Wrap the copper wire around the branch of Artemisia seed and bend it into an ideal shape as expected. We choose more natural modeling methods, the formation of bonsai modeling is natural and healthy. Of course, sometimes both are used together. The shaping of bonsai chrysanthemum runs through the whole process of its growth, whether it is natural modeling or artificial binding is not completed at once, need to be gradual, patient and meticulous in order to receive the ideal ornamental effect.

Second, the selection of scion. The ornamental characteristics of bonsai chrysanthemum require that its scion is basically the same in flower type, florescence and growth. In the design and color can be freely matched, otherwise there will be no ornamental effect. Generally choose early flowering type of 59 chrysanthemum or late flowering type of thousand-headed chrysanthemum as scion. Most of them are grafted on the spot, which can ensure the survival rate.

Third, grafting method. Most of the grafting of chrysanthemum is split, and bonsai chrysanthemum is no exception. When the side branch formed by Artemisia seed is up to 12 cm long and the thickness is similar to that of the scion to be grafted, it can be grafted, that is, before the branch of Artemisia seed is lignified, the upper part of the side branch should be removed and split into two halves to a depth of 2-3 cm, and then the previously wedge-shaped scion should be inserted into the split, and the scion and rootstock should be fully reliable.

When chopping the rootstock and cutting the scion, make sure that the slope of the scion and the split of the rootstock are smooth, and the phloem on both sides of the scion and the phloem of the rootstock are aligned as far as possible. Then squeeze it with your hands, tie it up with plastic, and require appropriate tightness. Finally, wrap the rootstock and scion with paper to form a trumpet-shaped paper tube to avoid sunlight and facilitate survival. Grafting time, depending on the growth of Artemisia seed, generally from mid-late June to early July.

Fourth, cultivation and management. Bonsai chrysanthemums are generally planted in 23 cm pots or in bonsai pots of the same size. Its growth will be affected to some extent due to plastic surgery and other reasons. Therefore, water and fertilizer management is extremely important. First, it is necessary to apply sufficient base fertilizer when planting, and it is better to fully mature sesame oil residue. Second, in the peak growing season, thin topdressing is applied once a week. At the same time, pay attention to remove the germinating branches of Artemisia below the scion at any time after the scion survived, so as to ensure the growth of the scion.

Generally two weeks after grafting can survive, then you can go to the paper tube, remove the binding line. When the scion grows to 5-7 leaves, 3-5 leaves can be left to pick the heart, and this process can be repeated until the tip is fixed. The final tipping time depends on the viewing requirements, and the general variety Chrysanthemum can blossom in 80-90 days.

Fifth, pest prevention and control. Control powdery mildew, strengthen management and improve plant disease resistance. Metoprolol, carbendazim, 2000-4000 times. Prevent and cure the white silk disease, disinfect the soil, pull out and burn the diseased plants, keep the basin soil breathable and drain well. To control leaf miner, spray omethoate 1000-1500 times ahead of time to prevent, observe carefully and capture it manually. Control borer, spray omethoate 1000-1500 times liquid, capture manually. Control nematodes and disinfect soil.