Sha Hongtao, a wonderful work in the Kingdom of fresh Peach

Shahong peach is not only a new high-tech variety, but also a rare high-quality peach. It is a new fresh peach variety selected systematically from the early varieties of Cangfang in Japan for more than ten years. It was approved by Shaanxi crop Variety approval Committee in September 1999. The Agricultural Science and Technology Information Service Department of Shaanxi County Science and Technology Association of Henan Province, together with relevant departments, through the introduction, experiment, demonstration and popularization in the past two years, it is considered that Shahongtao is a unique fine peach in China and a wonderful work in the kingdom of fresh peach. it is likely to become a new variety of fresh peach with the highest rate of return in the future, and its most remarkable characteristics are: bright color, extra-large fruit, good hardness, long storage and durable transportation. Experts have repeatedly stressed that sand red peach has good comprehensive characters and good marketability, and has great potential in opening up the international market. The variety characteristics, commodity advantages and cultivation techniques of sand red peach are summarized as follows for the majority of farmers' reference. First, the characteristics of varieties. The tree posture is more erect, biennial branches brown, smooth, lenticels small, less; leaf long elliptic lanceolate, leaf blade large, long 20-24cm, wide 5-7cm, leaf margin obtusely serrated, leaf surface high, leaf color dark green, petiole long 1.2cm, leaf vein dense, flowers rose, single, pink, 4cm in diameter; pollen, anther light red. The tree has strong growth, high germination rate, strong branching ability, mainly medium and long fruit branches, 2 years old can hang fruit, 6 years into the full fruit period, flower buds are full, self-pollination, natural fruit setting rate is high. Fruit orchard type, two halves are symmetrical, the top of the fruit is flat and concave, the suture is obvious, the awakening depression is narrow and deep, the fruit is very large, the average single weight is about 280g, and the maximum fruit weight is 500g. The fruit is all red when ripe, with more than 90% rose-red face, short fluffy hair, thick pericarp, milky white pulp, crisp and hard pulp, fine meat, less fiber, hard solute, sweet flavor and strong aroma. The pericarp is easy to peel off when it is overripe, the shelf life is more than a month, the red pigment is deep in the pulp, sweet and delicious, long-term storage and transportation. Sticky core, soluble solids 13.1%, total sugar 10.78%, total acid 0.21% 4.48mg/100g, hardness 2.8kgf/cm2. The tree can hang fruit at the age of 2 years, produce fruit 825kg per mu in 4 years and 4000-8000kg in 1 mu in 6 years. Shahong peach has strong body, strong disease resistance, few insect pests, no peach anthracnose and scab, high resistance to perforation and leaf shrinkage, and a wide range of adaptation. it has been extended to Shaanxi, Henan, Liaoning and other places. It is very popular with fruit growers. Peach is a deep-rooted drought-tolerant plant, adapted to slopes, mountains and more complex geological soil, in short, other peach fruit can adapt, sand red peach can adapt. Second, commodity advantage: no matter what it is, as long as it has good quality and high commodity value, its commodity machine is good. The advantage of sand red peach lies in the seven indexes of variety approval: color, taste, quantity, hardness, growth, yield and resistance. Especially in the color, hardness and output of these three indicators are in a leading position at home and abroad, not afraid of goods crowded, afraid of goods comparison. Sand red peach 0.5 kg can only be called 1-3, generally peach 0.5kg can be called 3-8, generally peach color is red, red-yellow, red-white, and sand red peach is everyone's favorite rose red; generally peach in the sun is red, shade side is green or yellow and white, and sand red peach can also be 100% rose red where the sun can not be seen Generally speaking, the chromaticity of peach can only reach 50-70%, while the coloring degree of sand red peach can reach almost 100%. In terms of hardness, generally, the peach will fall without picking one or two days after ripening, while the sand red peach will not fall after it is ripe, and the shelf life will last for more than a month; generally, when the peach is ripe, it will disappear as soon as it blows and rains, while the sand red peach has no fear of wind and rain and no loss. Generally speaking, the peach can only be put for 1-2 days after harvest, and it will go bad if it is not eaten, while the sand red peach will not change its flavor in ten days and will not change in half a month; generally, the peach is sour and sweet, while the sand red peach is pure sweet; generally, the soluble solid content of the peach is only 8-9%, the total sugar content is 6-8%, while the soluble solid content of sand red peach is 13.1%, and the total sugar content is 10.78%; generally, the peach lacks resistance, while the sand red peach is a highly resistant variety. Generally, the fruit yield per mu of peach is 1500-2500kg, while that of sand red peach is 8000kg per mu after more than 10 years, the wholesale price of general peach such as Jingjing red peach is 2.83.2 yuan / kg, the wholesale price of sand early growing peach is 0.8-1.2yuan / kg, while the wholesale price of sand red peach is 8-12 yuan / kg, which is 3-4 times that of Beijing red peach and 10 times that of sand early growing peach. This is the price in Xi'an Changle Road Fruit Wholesale Market in 1999. Looking at these advantages of sand hearts, we must take advantage of the commodity opportunities brought about by the leading level of sand hearts in the world, adjust the internal structure of the planting industry, scale production, group marketing, and boldly open up the international market. pay close attention to making money from foreigners. Third, cultivation techniques: flat plant row spacing 3x4m, 55 plants per mu, small crown shape, crown height controlled at about 3m, forming three-dimensional results and good yield. In mountainous and sloping land, there are 41 plants per mu in dry and thin land, and early close planting can be carried out in high water and fertilizer land in plain, 66 plants per mu and 82 trees per mu in plain high water and fertilizer land. The row spacing of these two kinds of plants can be managed by three main branches, the crown height is controlled at about 2.8m, fruit can be hung for three years, transplanting with soil, and take one every other. The close planting scheme can double the yield and increase planting three years before hanging fruit, and does not affect the quality and yield in the middle and late stage. Watering and fertilization: watering 3 times a year, once in winter, once before sprouting, and once during fruit expansion. Frequently irrigated in severe drought, it is appropriate to irrigate small water, avoid large and small flood irrigation, it is best to have seeping irrigation and sprinkler irrigation facilities. For young trees, it is necessary to use high-nitrogen chemical fertilizer to promote the crown, and for the trees in the full fruit period, taking into account the five requirements of the international market for green food, they can apply organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer. The key points of fertilization should be mastered the application of 6kg phosphate fertilizer and 5kg potassium fertilizer to 1000kg fruit. The time of fertilization is the best in winter and autumn. By using the method of cutting roots for more than 8 years, the peach trees have been hanging fruit for many years, the root system moves outward seriously, and most of the capillary roots are aging. Therefore, organic fertilizer is applied in the ditch and dug in three years in the 2m wide water and fertilizer zone; three wide 50cm, deep 60cm, long accompanying fertilizer ditches are used to achieve the purpose of cutting the roots of peach trees by the opportunity of deep application of organic fertilizer. Applying fertilizer once a year and cutting off roots at the same time ensures that all peach trees produce a large number of new capillaries in the water and fertilizer zone and absorb water and nutrients, which is the secret of full nutrition, exuberant energy and high yield year after year. Summing up the production practice over the past few years as a sentence: "serve trees underground, ask for money from space." Other fertilization, pruning and pest control are the same as ordinary peach trees.