Rational use of three-wheat feed

Wheat bran, wheat bran and wheat straw are called three-wheat feed, which is an important feed in the main producing areas. Rational use of three-wheat feed can promote the development of animal husbandry. If used improperly, not only can not play the desired effect, but also lead to livestock and poultry infected with some diseases, resulting in economic losses.

Wheat bran is a kind of feed with high phosphorus and low calcium, and the ratio of phosphorus to calcium is 4 ∶ 1, which is contrary to the physiological ratio of calcium and phosphorus required by livestock and poultry from 1.5 ∶ 1 to 2 ∶ 1. Excessive feeding of wheat bran can cause calcium deficiency in the proportion of calcium to phosphorus. Such as rickets of young animals, osteomalacia of adult animals, intestinal stones of equine animals, urolithiasis of male livestock and thin-shell eggs of poultry. The key measure for safe feeding of wheat bran is to master the reasonable dosage, which should generally be controlled below 20% of the formula feed.

Wheat bran should account for 25% 35% of its feed before 8 weeks of age, 11% of wheat bran from 9 weeks of age to the beginning of production, 15% of wheat bran in layer feed and 2% of wheat bran in broiler feed.

Pigs are not fed with wheat bran before 40 days old; wheat bran can account for 12% of feed for pigs under 55 kg; wheat bran can account for 15% of feed for 55-90 kg fattening pigs; wheat bran can account for 20% of feed for breeding boars and pregnant sows; wheat bran can account for 16% of feed for lactating sows.

Wheat bran with sharp thorns, machine threshing is even more serious. Thorns can damage the oral cavity of livestock, which can cause slow grazing, slow chewing, fat loss and physical decline over time. The key measure of reasonable feeding wheat bran is to go through harmless treatment first. There are two kinds of treatment methods: one is the rolling method. A small amount can be rolled with stone mill, and a large number can be rolled with rolling mill. The second is alkalization. Take 3 kilograms of quicklime, 0.5 kilograms of salt, 150 kilograms of water, mix and stir evenly, add 100 kilograms of wheat bran, soak for one day and night, fish into the basket, drain the liquid, and feed. After alkalization of wheat bran, thorns soften, no wound cavity, and can supplement calcium.

The crude fiber content of untreated wheat straw is high, the digestibility is very low, and the palatability is poor. Feeding equine animals is easy to cause knot. After the treatment of wheat bran, all kinds of livestock can be used. It can also be ammoniated. It can be treated with ammonia, ammonium bicarbonate and urea. Take urea treatment as an example: dissolve 10 kg urea into 10% solution with 90 kg water, cut wheat straw into 2-3 cm long segments, spray and mix well with 30 kg urea solution for every 100kg wheat straw, seal with plastic film, when the temperature is above 20 ℃, it can be used after 15 days.