Measures to improve the efficiency of Pig Reproduction

Breeding pig is the most basic part of production. The reproductive efficiency of breeding pig is affected by breed type, nutrition and feed, feeding and management technology, environmental conditions, breeding technology, and the health level of pigs. The economic benefits of pig farms are closely related to their reproductive performance. This paper summarizes the current pig production technology and how to improve the efficiency of reproduction.

1 strengthen feeding management and make full use of the peak period of reproduction

The life span of pigs is longer, but the breeding years are not long, especially the best breeding stage is short. The reproductive life span of young boars is from sexual maturity to senile exhaustion, and the stage with the highest reproductive efficiency is the best reproductive stage. The length of the best breeding period and reproductive performance are also related to variety type, feeding level, feeding management technology, health status and mating utilization intensity. The performance of young boars and sows improved continuously after taking part in breeding. 2.0-3.5-year-old, that is, 3-6 births, was the stage with the highest reproductive efficiency, and then gradually decreased.

2 to improve the service life of breeding pigs

Modern pig production implements balanced litter production throughout the year, the utilization intensity of breeding pigs is higher, a little improper will shorten the utilization life of breeding pigs, and the best service life of sows is less than 3 years. There are two reasons for early elimination: first, reproductive disorders, such as non-oestrus, anovulation, miscarriage, postpartum lack of milk and low survival rate of piglets; second, impaired health and excessive thinness. obesity reduces fecundity: third, leg disease, paralysis or other diseases are eliminated, or death.

(3) improve the service life of sows

The increase of sow service life can reduce the breeding cost of reserve pigs, increase the number of piglets per year and the number of weaned piglets, so as to improve the economic benefits of pig farms. The service life of sows should be more than 3 years, that is, the annual elimination rate should not exceed 30%.

4 timely elimination of old, weak and sick pigs

Although the previous proposal to improve the useful life of breeding pigs, but there should be a limit, not the longer the better, more than the best breeding period should be eliminated in time. Although some old breeder pigs give birth to a large number of piglets, there are often less postpartum milk in sows, low vitality of piglets, difficulty in survival and slow growth.

The advantages of young breeding pigs are: high sexual desire, fast sexual reflex, good semen quality, high conception rate, flexible limbs, obvious estrus symptoms of sows, high conception rate, large number of live births, high survival rate, strong vitality of piglets, fast growth, high serial fertility of sows, strong feeding ability and so on.

(5) to increase the annual litter size of sows.

The reproductive cycle of sows includes three stages: empty pregnancy and lactation. The gestation period of sows is 114 days, the lactation period is 30 to 35 days at present, and the average empty pregnancy period is 10 to 15 days. In this way, a reproductive cycle of sows is 154 days (1143010) or 164days (1143515), respectively. There are 365 days in a year. The annual litter number of sows was 2.37 (365bp 154) or 2.23 (365pm 164), respectively. In pig production, the annual litter number of sows in pig farms is much lower than the above index, because the days from weaning to re-breeding of sows are more than 10-15 days, and some of them are more. How to shorten the days of empty pregnancy of sows is the key to improve the days of annual litter birth of sows. Comprehensive measures such as good feeding and management, multi-herd breeding of empty sows and daily trial of adult boars can promote their reestrus.

6 increase the number of births per litter in sows

Through scientific feeding and management, promote oestrus and ovulation in sows. To achieve timely breeding, increase the number of mating (2-3 times), and raise pregnant sows to prevent embryo death, we can achieve the purpose of prolific piglets and effectively improve the economic efficiency of pig farms.