Seedling raising technique of Schisandra chinensis

As a traditional Chinese medicine, Schisandra chinensis is the top grade of Schisandra chinensis, which mainly grows in the eastern mountainous area of Liaoning Province. The price of Schisandra chinensis has gone up in the market in recent years, and the supply exceeds the demand. The main reasons are: first, with China's accession to the wto, the export volume of traditional Chinese medicine increases, and the market demand for Schisandra chinensis increases; second, with the development of animal husbandry, Wuwei wild resources are destroyed, especially, goats like to eat Wuwei. In the past two years, Schisandra chinensis has been cultivated artificially in Liaoyang, Dandong and other areas, but because the seedling technology is not mature, many farmers do not emerge or the emergence rate is very low. Through two years of experiments and visits to farmers, we have summed up some successful experiences.

The main results are as follows: (1) after the middle of io month, the large spike fruits were collected as seeds. In this period, the seeds had good maturity, high germination rate and strong seedlings. After the fruit is soaked in water for three or four days, rub the pulp with a washing board or add a river sand with a fruit volume of 1ppm, bleach out the blighted grains, and fish out into a full seed well to dry.

The seed coat of Schisandra chinensis is hard and has a subcutaneous grease layer. It must be frozen, changed temperature and medicament treatment to break dormancy before sowing can emerge. Soak the seeds in 3 times the weight of 250mg/l gibberellin solution or 1% copper sulfate solution for 24 hours, then mix them with river sand two or three times the weight of seeds, and place them in a cool and ventilated place. Turn it once a week. Before and after Lesser Snow, choose the place from the leeward to the sun, dig deep 60cm, long and wide depending on the number of seeds, put the seeds mixed with wet sand into the pit, cover the soil for freezing treatment. After thawing in the spring of the following year, the seeds were taken and placed in the environment of 22: 25 ℃ to accelerate germination and pay attention to moisturizing. Sow seeds when 50% of the seeds are white. Prevent 1 to urge the big bud to sow, otherwise the bud is easy to be knocked off when sowing, or the bud can not be watered in time in a dry year and "hang the bud".

(2) sowing and selecting sandy soil with flat, sunny, non-waterlogging, drought-tolerant, close to water source and fertile sandy soil to raise seedlings (do not choose vegetable land), the bed width is 1.2m (too wide is not conducive to later field operation), the length varies with the plot, and the bed height is about 10cm. The right amount of rotten farm manure can be applied when turning the ground to make a bed. The sowing time should be from April 20 to May 5, and strip sowing should be adopted. In the bed according to the row spacing 18cm, along the bed open 3cm deep ditch to sow seeds, to step on the bottom grid, covered with soil 3cm. If the soil moisture is not good, use a spray can to pour water through, and then cover the soil and cover the film.

The sowing rate per square meter is 7g (refers to the dry seeds before sand mixing). Those sown without budding can also emerge, but they must be covered with plastic film. Otherwise, it is difficult or rare for seedlings to emerge.

(3) the seeds accelerated by management at seedling stage were covered with plastic film after sowing, and the seedlings emerged one after another after 18-28 days. When 50% of the seedlings emerge, the plastic film must be removed in time (otherwise, the light ones will cause the seedlings to grow too much, and the heavy ones will be roasted to death). At the same time, the shelves should be set up and covered with crop straw and other things to shade the flowers. The seedlings of Schisandra chinensis are afraid of the sun, and the shade will be removed when the seedlings grow to five or six true leaves.

The root system of the seedlings is few and short, Rain Water is less in spring, and the seedlings are not resistant to drought. It is found that the bed should be watered in time when the bed is dry. When the seedlings grew to three or four true leaves, the seedlings began to grow, the weak seedlings were eliminated, and the strong seedlings were kept, with a distance of 5-7cm. Pull out weeds and loosen the soil at the same time.

In order to promote the seedlings to grow fast and strong, chemical fertilizer was applied twice at the seedling stage. For the first time, urea 10kg was applied every 666.7 ┫. The second time was carried out when the plant height was about 10cm, and the high-efficiency compound fertilizer 15kg with 15% n, p2o5 and K20 content was applied every 666.7 ┫.

In the land with heavy underground pests, poison bait should be used to trap and kill underground pests. Prevent pests from eating seeds and roots. In particular, mole crickets move in series to form crisscross channels, which often separate the seedlings from the soil and die.