Construction and Seedling selection of High-yield Schisandra chinensis Orchard

Topographic conditions:

Different topography has a great influence on the cultivation of Schisandra chinensis. Under natural conditions, Schisandra chinensis is mainly distributed on the forest edge and sparse woodland with shade in mountainous areas. it grows naturally, the yield is very low, and it is artificially cultivated, which has been proved by observation and practice for 5 years. The whole day light in more than 10 hours, a wide field of vision, no major obstacles around, ventilation and light, water, drainage, soil layer of 50 cm is the best place.

Water source conditions:

Schisandra chinensis is more drought-tolerant, in order to get higher yield and good plant growth, strengthen the rapid division of growth cells, expand the root system, and form a tree as soon as possible. In addition to the normal absorption of the tree, it is also necessary to take compulsory measures to promote the absorption of the tree and to irrigate several times during the re-growth cycle. at the same time, a large amount of water is needed to control diseases and insect pests and increase the input of biological nutrient solution, so when choosing the garden, we should pay attention to the place where it is easy to obtain enough water in or near the garden, and consider that the water source is the key to the construction of a large area of the garden, and it should not be ignored that the water source should not be polluted. The water quality must meet the quality standard of farmland irrigation water in our country.

Air environment:

The garden should be away from polluted factories, mines, more than 500 meters away from the traffic trunk line, the surrounding windbreak, the quality of the atmospheric environment around the garden should be standard, the surface of fresh fruit is clean and bright, there is no dust, and the hygiene meets the standard.

Second, the calibration of the planting point:

After the soil leveling preparation of the whole garden is completed, the rectangle is taken according to the land shape and geographical location, which is 100-200 meters long and 60-70 meters wide. When the frame is set, it is necessary to determine the line direction and plant distance, according to the north-south direction and the method of calibrating the planting point, first measure the field operation path of the division, use the theodolite according to the row area, measure the planting position of each row, put the marking piles at both ends, hang the line to connect the two ends of the standard piles, the row distance is 2 meters, and then measure the plant distance of 1 meter on the line with a meter ruler. When inserting a standard pile, it must be accurate and reserved for planting seedlings.

3. Excavation and backfilling of planting ditches:

The best time for Schisandra chinensis planting is when the soil freezes in autumn, the tree has been dormant, and the planting is 100% alive. For the future high yield to strive for 120 days of growth time, ahead of time to enter the full fruit period, spring from the land thawing to planting seedlings, generally less than a month, to master the top Ling planting, fast growth and high survival rate. Seedlings should be planted flat and straight, for later field work, save time and labor intensity. Planting ditch specifications according to individual strength and local soil, climate decision, the garden soil layer is deep and fertile, planting ditch can be dug shallow and narrow, 0.4-0.6 meters deep, 0.6-1.0 meters wide. The soil layer is thin, the bottom soil is heavy, sand and gravel are more permeable and permeable, so the planting ditch must be deep, 0.6-1.0 m wide and 0.6-1.0 m wide. If there are conditions to cover the ground with agricultural film, do not dig up the raw soil, but backfill it with the surface soil. The specific method of backfilling planting ditch is: sprinkle 10 cm topsoil into the bottom layer, spread 20 cm chopped corn straw, sprinkle 10 cm topsoil, mix chicken manure, cow and sheep manure, backfill 25 cm, backfill 15-20 cm topsoil, keep subsidence, make planting ditch ridge surface, ridge surface 10 cm. Flatten it with a horizontal ruler, and then scatter the raw soil to level the whole garden. Whether the planting ditch is handled well or not is directly related to the output of the production park, and it is an important link in the successful development of Schisandra chinensis industry. When Schisandra chinensis climbs all over the shelf, as long as it is properly managed, there are more than 20 working days in an acre of land every year, and the planting ditch is not handled well. The amount of work is increased by more than 2 times, and the output will not be too high.

4. selection of excellent seeds and seedlings:

The development of Schisandra chinensis is a new industry, which changes from wild to home planting, which makes it irresistible to cultivation. The practice of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in the past 30 years has proved that Schisandra chinensis has matured from wild to artificial cultivation, and new varieties of hybrid variation will continue to appear, and it is also the current grower. The main work of selecting original species and cultivating hybrid high-yield seedlings is the development direction of Schisandra chinensis. It is up to you to realize the emergence of new varieties. Only by cultivating excellent new varieties can we achieve good economic benefits, and we should seriously learn from the beginners. You can go to libraries, bookstores, newspapers, the Internet, scientific research institutes, successful growers, seminars, visits, looking at production trees in production parks, output of growth years, repeatedly walking more and more, selecting production trees with special performance, strong tree type, good appearance, large fruit quantity, 30-35 grams per cluster, 1-1.5 grams per grain, large fruit size, uniform distribution, overall fruit hanging in more than 300 strings, standard strings accounting for 70%. There is no phenomenon of large and small grains. It is a standard seed collection tree, which can be selected as the original tree, only the quality of the seedlings is guaranteed, and you can rest assured to invest boldly if you have no worries about the output and the output of the production park in the future. At present, there are very few varieties of 4-year-old trees in China that produce 7.5 kilograms of fresh fruit, and the price is very expensive. In order to find out the source files of seedlings, the characteristics of seedlings, the yield in the full fruit period, scientific management methods and after-sales service, there can be production trees. The answer is correct and can be used for reference. It is not clear, it is necessary to consider the quality of seedlings, only to control the quality of seedlings, will not take detours, a planting, a success.

5. Methods of hybrid seed production:

First of all, a good tree shape is selected in the mountain, with a large amount of fruit, large clusters, large grains and many fruits as a whole, evenly harvest seeds, direct seeding and raising seedlings, and when entering the peak fruit period, enter the garden to select the same criteria as above. During the spring direct broadcast, the seeds of two trees with outstanding performance were selected, marked with the male and female parents respectively, far away from the production garden, and the pollination trees were prepared in the form of 2:1. The fruit matured and observed in the garden to see whether the whole orchard hung the same fruit. The standard string ratio, whether there is the phenomenon of grain size or not, the fruit yield per plant is more than 5 kg, which meets the appeal standard, indicating the success of hybrid seed production. It still needs 3 years of continuous high-yield observation and stable production before it can be applied to the provincial crop variety approval committee, which is determined by the selection and acceptance group composed of experts. The recognition of hybrids, the availability of asexual reproduction and the production of unvariant seedlings make the Schisandra industry enter a new era and make greater contributions.